Ndizodziwika bwino kuti pakumanga magalimoto amagetsi atsopano, wowongolera magalimoto VCU, wowongolera magalimoto a MCU ndi dongosolo loyang'anira mabatire a BMS ndi matekinoloje ofunikira kwambiri, omwe ali ndi chikoka chachikulu pa mphamvu, chuma, kudalirika ndi chitetezo chamagetsi. galimoto.Kukoka kofunikira, pali zovuta zina zaukadaulo pamakina atatu oyambira mphamvu zamagalimoto, zowongolera zamagetsi ndi batri, zomwe zimanenedwa m'nkhani zambiri.Chinthu chokhacho chomwe sichinatchulidwe ndi makina otumizira mawotchi, ngati kulibe, pali bokosi la gear, ndipo silingapangitse phokoso.
Pamsonkhano wapachaka wa nthambi ya Gear Technology Branch ya Chinese Society of Automotive Engineers, mutu wakuti magalimoto oyendera magetsi ongoyendetsa galimoto anadzutsa chidwi chachikulu pakati pa otenga nawo mbali.Mwachidziwitso, magalimoto amagetsi oyera samafunikira kufalitsa, kokha chochepetsera chokhala ndi chiŵerengero chokhazikika.Masiku ano, anthu ochulukirachulukira akuzindikira kuti magalimoto amagetsi amafunikira ma transmissions.ndichoncho chifukwa chiyani?Chifukwa chomwe opanga magalimoto amagetsi apanyumba amapangira magalimoto amagetsi osagwiritsa ntchito ma transmissions makamaka chifukwa anthu sanamvetsetse kuti magalimoto amagetsi safunikira kutumiza.Ndiye, sizotsika mtengo;ndi mafakitale zoweta magalimoto zodziwikiratu kufala akadali pa mlingo otsika, ndipo palibe kufala oyenera basi kusankha.Choncho, "Technical Conditions for Pure Electric Passenger Vehicles" sikutanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito ma transmissions okha, komanso sanena malire a magetsi.Chiŵerengero chokhazikika chochepetsera chimakhala ndi gear imodzi yokha, kotero kuti galimotoyo nthawi zambiri imakhala m'dera lochepa kwambiri, lomwe silimangowononga mphamvu yamtengo wapatali ya batri, komanso kumawonjezera zofunikira za traction motor ndikuchepetsa kuyendetsa galimoto.Ngati ili ndi zotengera zodziwikiratu, kuthamanga kwagalimoto kumatha kusintha liwiro lagalimoto, kuwongolera bwino kwambiri, kupulumutsa mphamvu yamagetsi, kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto, ndikuwonjezera luso lokwera pamagiya otsika.
Pulofesa Xu Xiangyang, wachiwiri kwa dean wa Sukulu ya Transportation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, pokambirana ndi atolankhani: "Magalimoto amagetsi othamanga kwambiri ali ndi chiyembekezo chachikulu chamsika."Galimoto yamagetsi yamagalimoto onyamula onyamula magetsi imakhala ndi torque yayikulu yotsika kwambiri.Panthawiyi, galimoto Kugwira ntchito kwa galimoto yamagetsi kumakhala kotsika kwambiri, choncho galimoto yamagetsi imagwiritsa ntchito magetsi ambiri poyambira, kuthamanga ndi kukwera malo otsetsereka pamtunda wochepa.Izi zimafuna kugwiritsa ntchito ma gearbox kuti muchepetse kutentha kwagalimoto, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, kuonjezera maulendo oyenda, komanso kuwongolera mphamvu zamagalimoto.Ngati palibe chifukwa chowongolera mphamvu yamagetsi, mphamvu yagalimoto imatha kuchepetsedwa kuti ipulumutse mphamvu, kukonza maulendo apaulendo, komanso kupangitsa kuti makina aziziziritsa agalimoto achepetse ndalama.Komabe, galimoto yamagetsi ikayamba pa liwiro lotsika kapena kukwera pamalo otsetsereka, dalaivala sangamve kuti mphamvuyo ndi yosakwanira ndipo mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu imakhala yochuluka kwambiri, choncho galimoto yamagetsi yoyera imafunika kutumizidwa.
Wolemba mabulogu wa Sina Wang Huaping 99 adati aliyense akudziwa kuti kukulitsa njira yoyendetsera galimoto ndiye chinsinsi cha kutchuka kwa magalimoto amagetsi.Ngati galimoto yamagetsi ili ndi njira yotumizira, maulendo oyendetsa amatha kuwonjezedwa ndi osachepera 30% ndi mphamvu yofanana ya batri.Mfundoyi inatsimikiziridwa ndi wolemba pamene akuyankhulana ndi opanga magalimoto angapo amagetsi.BYD's Qin ili ndi makina apawiri-clutch odziyimira pawokha opangidwa ndi BYD, omwe amathandizira kwambiri kuyendetsa bwino.Ndizomveka kuti ndi bwino kuyika zotumiza m'magalimoto amagetsi, koma palibe wopanga kuziyika?Cholinga chake ndikusakhala ndi kufalitsa koyenera.
Mukangoganizira za kuthamangitsidwa kwa magalimoto amagetsi, mota imodzi ndiyokwanira.Ngati muli ndi zida zotsika komanso matayala abwinoko, mutha kukwaniritsa mathamangitsidwe apamwamba kwambiri poyambira.Choncho, amakhulupirira kuti ngati galimoto yamagetsi ili ndi gearbox ya 3-liwiro, ntchitoyo idzakhalanso bwino kwambiri.Akuti Tesla adaganiziranso za gearbox ngati imeneyi.Komabe, kuwonjezera gearbox sikuti kumangowonjezera mtengo, komanso kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kowonjezera.Ngakhale wabwino wapawiri zowalamulira gearbox akhoza kukwaniritsa mphamvu kuposa 90% kufala, komanso kumawonjezera kulemera, amene osati kuchepetsa mphamvu, komanso kuonjezera kumwa mafuta.Chifukwa chake zikuwoneka kuti sikofunikira kuwonjezera bokosi la gear kuti mugwire ntchito monyanyira zomwe anthu ambiri sasamala.Kapangidwe ka galimoto ndi injini olumikizidwa mu mndandanda ndi kufala.Kodi galimoto yamagetsi ingatsatire lingaliro ili?Mpaka pano, palibe mlandu wopambana womwe wawonedwa.Kuyiyika kuchokera pamagalimoto omwe alipo kale ndiakulu kwambiri, olemetsa komanso okwera mtengo, ndipo phindu limaposa kutayika.Ngati palibe choyenera, chochepetsera chokha chokhala ndi liwiro lokhazikika chingagwiritsidwe ntchito motsutsa.
Ponena za kugwiritsa ntchito kusuntha kwama liwiro ambiri kuti mupititse patsogolo, lingaliro ili silosavuta kuzindikira, chifukwa kusuntha kwa gearbox kumakhudza magwiridwe antchito, ndipo mphamvu imachepetsedwa kwambiri panthawi yosinthira, zomwe zimapangitsa kugwedezeka kwakukulu kosuntha, komwe kumawononga galimoto yonse.Kusalala ndi kutonthoza kwa chipangizocho kudzakhala ndi zotsatira zoipa.Kuyang'ana momwe magalimoto apakhomo alili, amadziwika kuti ndizovuta kwambiri kupanga bokosi la gearbox kuposa injini yoyaka mkati.Ndi chikhalidwe chosavuta kupanga makina a magalimoto amagetsi.Ngati gearbox yadulidwa, payenera kukhala zifukwa zokwanira kuti muwonjezere.
Kodi tingachite molingana ndi malingaliro amakono amakono a mafoni a m'manja?Ma hardware a mafoni a m'manja akukula molunjika ku ma multi-core high and low frequency.Nthawi yomweyo, kuphatikiza kosiyanasiyana kumayitanitsidwa bwino kuti asonkhanitse ma frequency osiyanasiyana pachimake chilichonse kuti athe kuwongolera kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, ndipo sikuti chimango chimodzi chokha chogwira ntchito kwambiri chomwe chimapita njira yonse.
Pa magalimoto amagetsi, sitiyenera kulekanitsa galimoto ndi chochepetsera, koma tiyenera kuphatikiza injini, chochepetsera ndi chowongolera galimoto pamodzi, seti imodzi, kapena angapo, omwe ali amphamvu kwambiri komanso ochita bwino..Kodi kulemera kwake ndi mtengo wake siwokwera mtengo kwambiri?
Onani, mwachitsanzo, BYD E6, mphamvu yamagalimoto ndi 90KW.Ngati igawidwa mu ma motors awiri a 50KW ndikuphatikizidwa kukhala galimoto imodzi, kulemera kwake kwa galimoto kumakhala kofanana.Ma motors awiriwa amaphatikizidwa pa chotsitsa, ndipo kulemera kumangowonjezeka pang'ono.Kupatula apo, ngakhale wowongolera magalimoto ali ndi ma motors ambiri, omwe akuwongolera pano ndiwocheperako.
Mu lingaliro ili, lingaliro linapangidwa, kupangitsa mkangano pa chochepetsera mapulaneti, kulumikiza injini A ku giya la dzuwa, ndikusuntha giya lakunja la mphete kuti agwirizane ndi B injini ina.Ponena za kapangidwe kake, ma mota awiriwa atha kupezeka padera.Chiŵerengero cha liwiro, ndiyeno gwiritsani ntchito woyendetsa galimoto kuti muyitane ma motors awiri, pali lingaliro lakuti galimotoyo imakhala ndi ntchito yopumira pamene sichikuzungulira.Pachiphunzitso cha magiya a mapulaneti, ma motors awiri amaikidwa pa chochepetsera chomwecho, ndipo ali ndi liwiro losiyana.Galimoto A imasankhidwa ndi liwiro lalikulu, torque yayikulu komanso kuthamanga pang'onopang'ono.Liwiro la B motor ndilothamanga kuposa liwilo laling'ono.Mutha kusankha mota mwakufuna kwanu.Liwiro la ma motors awiriwa ndi losiyana komanso losagwirizana.Liwiro la ma motors awiriwa limapangidwa nthawi imodzi, ndipo torque ndi mtengo wapakati wa torque ya ma motors awiriwo.
Mwachidziwitso ichi, imatha kukulitsidwa ku ma motors opitilira atatu, ndipo chiwerengerocho chikhoza kukhazikitsidwa ngati chikufunika, ndipo ngati mota imodzi ikasinthidwa (motor induction ya AC siyikugwira ntchito), liwiro lotulutsa limachulukitsidwa, komanso kuthamanga pang'onopang'ono, iyenera kuwonjezeredwa.Kuphatikiza kwa torque ndikoyenera kwambiri, makamaka kwa magalimoto amagetsi a SUV ndi magalimoto amasewera.
Kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi othamanga kwambiri, choyamba kusanthula ma motors awiri, BYD E6, mphamvu yagalimoto ndi 90KW, ngati igawidwa m'magalimoto awiri a 50 KW ndikuphatikizana pagalimoto imodzi, injini ya A imatha kuthamanga 60 K m / H, ndi B motor imatha 90 K m / H, ma motors awiri amatha kuthamanga 150 K m / H nthawi imodzi.①Ngati katundu ndi wolemetsa, gwiritsani ntchito injini ya A kuti muthamangitse, ndipo ikafika 40 K m / H, onjezani B motor kuti muwonjeze liwiro.Kapangidwe kameneka kali ndi mawonekedwe kuti kuyatsa, kuzimitsa, kuyimitsa ndi liwiro la ma motors awiriwo sikudzakhudzidwa kapena kuletsedwa.Moto wa A ukakhala ndi liwiro linalake koma osakwanira, injini ya B imatha kuwonjezeredwa pakuwonjezako nthawi iliyonse.②B mota imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa liwiro lapakati pomwe palibe katundu.Galimoto imodzi yokha ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamayendedwe apakatikati ndi otsika kuti akwaniritse zosowa, ndipo ma motors awiri okha amagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi imodzi pa katundu wothamanga kwambiri komanso wolemetsa, zomwe zimachepetsa mphamvu zamagetsi ndikuwonjezera maulendo oyendayenda.
Pakukonza galimoto yonse, kuyika kwa magetsi ndi gawo lofunikira.Mphamvu ya galimoto yoyendetsa galimoto yamagetsi ndi yaikulu kwambiri, ndipo voteji ili pamwamba pa 300 volts.Mtengo wake ndi wokwera, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa magetsi olimbana ndi zida zamagetsi kumakwera mtengo.Choncho, ngati kufunikira kothamanga sikuli kwakukulu, sankhani otsika-voltage.Galimoto yothamanga kwambiri imagwiritsa ntchito yamagetsi otsika.Kodi galimoto yothamanga kwambiri imatha kuthamanga kwambiri?Yankho ndi inde, ngakhale ndi galimoto yotsika kwambiri, malinga ngati ma motors angapo akugwiritsidwa ntchito palimodzi, liwiro lapamwamba lidzakhala lalitali.M'tsogolomu, sipadzakhala kusiyana pakati pa magalimoto othamanga kwambiri ndi otsika, magalimoto okwera ndi otsika komanso makonzedwe.
Momwemonso, malowa amathanso kukhala ndi ma motors awiri, ndipo magwiridwe ake ndi ofanana ndi omwe ali pamwambapa, koma chidwi chochulukirapo chimaperekedwa pamapangidwewo.Pankhani yolamulira zamagetsi, bola ngati njira imodzi yokhayokha komanso yogawana ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, kukula kwa galimotoyo kumapangidwa molingana ndi zosowa, ndipo ndi koyenera kwa magalimoto ang'onoang'ono, magalimoto amalonda, njinga zamagetsi, njinga zamoto zamagetsi, ndi zina zotero. ., makamaka zamagalimoto amagetsi.Pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa katundu wolemera ndi wopepuka.Pali magiya automatic transmission.
Kugwiritsa ntchito ma motors opitilira atatu ndikosavuta kupanga, ndipo kugawa mphamvu kuyenera kukhala koyenera.Komabe, chowongoleracho chingakhale chovuta kwambiri.Pamene ulamuliro umodzi wasankhidwa, umagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyana.Mawonekedwe wamba akhoza kukhala AB, AC, BC, ABC zinthu zinayi, okwana zinthu zisanu ndi ziwiri, zomwe zingamveke ngati maulendo asanu ndi awiri, ndipo chiŵerengero cha liwiro la chinthu chilichonse ndi chosiyana.Chofunikira kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito ndi controller.Wowongolera ndi wosavuta komanso wovuta kuyendetsa.Iyeneranso kugwirizana ndi woyang'anira galimoto VCU ndi batire kasamalidwe dongosolo BMS wolamulira kuti agwirizane wina ndi mzake ndi mwanzeru kulamulira, kuti zikhale zosavuta kuti dalaivala kuwongolera.
Pankhani yobwezeretsa mphamvu, m'mbuyomu, ngati liwiro la injini yagalimoto imodzi linali lalitali kwambiri, injini yokhazikika ya maginito synchronous inali ndi ma volt 900 pa 2300 rpm.Liwiro likadakwera kwambiri, wowongolerayo angawonongeke kwambiri.Kapangidwe kameneka kalinso ndi mbali yapadera.Mphamvu zimatha kugawidwa kwa ma motors awiri, ndipo liwiro lawo lozungulira silidzakhala lalitali kwambiri.Pa liwiro lalikulu, ma motors awiriwa amapanga magetsi nthawi imodzi, pa liwiro lapakati, B motor imapanga magetsi, ndipo pa liwiro lotsika, A motor imapanga magetsi, kuti abwezeretse momwe angathere.Braking mphamvu, dongosolo ndi losavuta, mphamvu kuchira mlingo akhoza kwambiri bwino, monga n'kotheka m'dera mkulu-mwachangu, pamene yopuma ali m'dera otsika-mwachangu, mmene kupeza apamwamba mphamvu ndemanga Mwachangu pansi wotero. zopinga dongosolo, pamene kuonetsetsa braking Chitetezo ndi kusinthasintha kwa ndondomeko kusintha ndi kamangidwe mfundo za mphamvu maganizo kulamulira njira.Zimatengera woyang'anira wanzeru kuti azigwiritsa ntchito bwino.
Pankhani ya kutentha kwa kutentha, mphamvu ya kutentha kwa ma motors ambiri ndi yaikulu kwambiri kuposa ya injini imodzi.Galimoto imodzi ndi yayikulu kukula, koma kuchuluka kwa ma motors angapo kumamwazikana, pamwamba pake ndi yayikulu, ndipo kutulutsa kutentha kumathamanga.Makamaka, kuchepetsa kutentha ndi kupulumutsa mphamvu ndi bwino.
Ngati ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, ngati injini yalephera, injini yopanda vuto imatha kuyendetsa galimotoyo kupita komwe ikupita.Ndipotu, pali zopindulitsa zomwe sizinapezeke.Ndiko kukongola kwaukadaulo uwu.
Kuchokera pamalingaliro awa, wowongolera magalimoto VCU, wowongolera magalimoto a MCU ndi kasamalidwe ka batri BMS ayeneranso kukonzedwa moyenerera, kotero simaloto kuti galimoto yamagetsi idutse pamapindikira!
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-24-2022