Tesla tsopano sakukonzekera kusokoneza msika wamagalimoto amagetsi, komanso akukonzekera kuloza njira yopita ku mafakitale amagetsi komanso makampani opanga ukadaulo kumbuyo kwake. Pamsonkhano wapadziko lonse wa Tesla "Grand Plan 3" pa Marichi 2, Colin Campbell, wachiwiri kwa purezidenti wa Tesla wa engineering powertrain, adati "Teslaidzapanga injini yamagetsi yamagetsi ya Magnetic kuti muchepetse zovuta komanso mtengo wa zida zamagetsi ". Kuyang'ana ng'ombe yamphongo yomwe idawombedwa mu "Mapulani Aakulu" apitalo, ambiri a iwo sanazindikire (kuyendetsa galimoto kosayendetsedwa kwathunthu, Robotaxi network, Mars immigration), ndipo ena adachepetsedwa (maselo a dzuwa, ma satellites a Starlink).Chifukwa cha izi, maphwando onse pamsika Amakayikira kutiTesla yotchedwa "permanent maginito yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi yomwe ilibe zinthu zosowa zapadziko lapansi" ikhoza kupezeka mu PPT yokha.Komabe, chifukwa chakuti lingalirolo ndilosokoneza kwambiri (ngati lingathe kuzindikiridwa, lidzakhala nyundo yolemera kwa mafakitale osowa padziko lapansi), anthu omwe ali mumakampani "atsegula" maganizo a Musk. Zhang Ming, katswiri wamkulu wa China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, mlembi wamkulu wa Magnetic Materials Branch ya China Electronic Materials Industry Association, ndi mkulu wa bungwe la China Rare Earth Society, adanena kuti njira ya Musk ndi "yokakamizika" kufotokoza, mogwirizana ndi dongosolo la US lopanga magalimoto amagetsi.Njira yolondola yoyendetsera ndale.Pulofesa wina wa m’Dipatimenti Yoona za Umisiri wa Magetsi pa Sukulu ya Uinjiniya wa Mitambo pa Yunivesite ya Shanghai akukhulupirira kuti Musk angakhale ndi maganizo akeake pankhani ya kusagwiritsa ntchito nthaka yosowa kwambiri: “Sitinganene kuti alendo sagwiritsa ntchito nthaka yosowa, ife timangotsatira zomwezo.” Kodi pali ma mota omwe sagwiritsa ntchito ma rare earth?
Ma motors amagalimoto amagetsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamsika amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: omwe safuna ma Earth osowa, ndi maginito okhazikika a synchronous motors omwe amafunikira nthaka yosowa. Chomwe chimatchedwa mfundo yofunikira ndi kulowetsa kwamagetsi kwa chiphunzitso cha sayansi ya sekondale, chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito koyilo kupanga maginito pambuyo pa kuyika magetsi.Poyerekeza ndi maginito okhazikika a maginito, mphamvu ndi torque ndizotsika, ndipo voliyumu yake ndi yayikulu;mosiyana, maginito okhazikika a synchronous motors amagwiritsa ntchito neodymium iron boron (Nd-Fe-B) maginito okhazikika, ndiko kuti, maginito.Ubwino wake sikuti mawonekedwewo ndi ophweka, koma chofunika kwambiri, voliyumuyo imatha kukhala yaying'ono, yomwe ili ndi ubwino waukulu wa magalimoto amagetsi omwe amatsindika malo ndi opepuka. Magalimoto amagetsi oyambilira a Tesla adagwiritsa ntchito ma AC asynchronous motors: poyambirira, Model S ndi Model X adagwiritsa ntchito kulowetsedwa kwa AC, koma kuyambira 2017, Model 3 idatengera maginito atsopano okhazikika a DC motor pomwe idakhazikitsidwa, ndi zina Moto womwewo wagwiritsidwa ntchito pachitsanzo. .Zambiri zikuwonetsa kuti injini yamagetsi yokhazikika yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu Tesla Model 3 ndiyothandiza kwambiri 6% kuposa ma induction motor yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito kale. Ma mota a maginito osatha ndi ma asynchronous motors amathanso kufananizidwa wina ndi mnzake.Mwachitsanzo, Tesla amagwiritsa ntchito ma AC induction motors kumawilo akutsogolo ndi maginito osatha a synchronous motors pamawilo akumbuyo pa Model 3 ndi mitundu ina.Mtundu woterewu wa hybrid drive umayang'anira magwiridwe antchito komanso magwiridwe antchito, komanso umachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapadziko lapansi zomwe sizipezeka. Ngakhale poyerekeza ndi mphamvu yapamwamba ya maginito okhazikika a synchronous motors, mphamvu ya ma asynchronous AC motors ndi yotsika pang'ono, koma yotsirizirayi sikutanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka yosowa, ndipo mtengo wake ukhoza kuchepetsedwa ndi 10% poyerekeza ndi zakale.Malinga ndi mawerengedwe a Zheshang Securities, mtengo wa maginito osowa padziko lapansi amagetsi oyendetsa njinga zamagalimoto atsopano ndi pafupifupi 1200-1600 yuan.Ngati magalimoto amphamvu atsopano asiya dziko lapansi losowa, sizingathandizire kuchepetsa mtengo kumbali ya mtengo, ndipo kuchuluka kwa maulendo oyenda kudzaperekedwa potengera magwiridwe antchito. Koma kwa Tesla, yemwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kuwongolera ndalama zilizonse, kugwa uku sikungaganizidwe.Bambo Zhang, yemwe ali ndi udindo woyang'anira magetsi oyendetsa galimoto, adavomereza kuti "Electric Vehicle Observer" kuti kuyendetsa bwino kwa galimoto kungafikire 97% pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono zamakono, ndi 93% popanda dziko losowa, koma mtengo ukhoza kuchepetsedwa ndi 10%, zomwe zikadali zabwino zonse.za. Ndiye ndi injini ziti zomwe Tesla akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito mtsogolo?Zomasulira zambiri pamsika zidalephera kunena chifukwa chake.Tiyeni tibwerere ku mawu oyambirira a Colin Campbell kuti tipeze: Ndinatchula momwe mungachepetsere kuchuluka kwa dziko lapansi losowa mu powertrain m'tsogolomu.Kufunika kwa nthaka osowa kukuchulukirachulukira pamene dziko likusintha kukhala mphamvu zoyeretsa.Sizidzakhala zovuta kukwaniritsa zofunikirazi, koma migodi yamitundu yosowa imakhala ndi zoopsa zina zokhudzana ndi chitetezo cha chilengedwe ndi zina.Chifukwa chake tidapanga m'badwo wotsatira wama magnet drive motors, omwe sagwiritsa ntchito zida zilizonse zapadziko lapansi. Yang'anani, tanthauzo la malemba oyambirira liri kale lomveka bwino.M'badwo wotsatira umagwiritsabe ntchito maginito okhazikika, osati mitundu ina ya injini.Komabe, chifukwa cha zinthu monga kutetezedwa kwa chilengedwe ndi kupereka, zinthu zapadziko lapansi zomwe sizipezeka mu injini zamaginito zanthawi zonse ziyenera kuchotsedwa.M'malo mwake ndi zinthu zina zotsika mtengo komanso zosavuta kupeza!Ndikofunikira kukhala ndi magwiridwe antchito apamwamba a maginito osatha popanda kukakamira pakhosi.Awa ndi malingaliro olakalaka a Tesla "akufuna onse awiri"! Ndiye ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimapangidwa ndi zinthu zomwe zingakwaniritse zokhumba za Tesla?Nkhani ya anthu "RIO Electric Drive" imayambira pamagulu amakono a maginito osiyanasiyana okhazikika, ndipotsiriza amalingalira kuti Tesla angagwiritse ntchito maginito okhazikika a m'badwo wachinayi SmFeN kuti alowe m'malo mwa NdFeB yomwe ilipo mtsogolomu.Pali zifukwa ziwiri: Ngakhale Sm ndi osowa lapansi Zinthu, koma kutumphuka kwa dziko lapansi ndi wolemera mu okhutira, otsika mtengo ndi okwanira okwanira;ndipo kuchokera ku kawonedwe ka ntchito, samarium iron nayitrogeni ndi maginito zitsulo zakuthupi pafupi kwambiri ndi osowa lapansi neodymium iron boron. 
Kugawika kwa maginito osiyanasiyana okhazikika (Gwero la zithunzi: RIO Electric Drive) Mosasamala kanthu za zipangizo zomwe Tesla adzagwiritse ntchito m'malo mwa nthaka yosowa m'tsogolomu, ntchito yofulumira kwambiri ya Musk ingakhale kuchepetsa ndalama.Ngakhale Teslayankho kumsika ndi chidwi, si wangwiro, ndipo msika akadali ndi zambiri zoyembekeza kwa izo.
Masomphenya Nkhawa Pambuyo pa Malipoti Opeza
Pa Januware 26, 2023, Tesla adapereka lipoti lake lazachuma la 2022: amagalimoto amagetsi oposa 1.31 miliyoni adaperekedwa padziko lonse lapansi, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi chaka kwa 40%;ndalama zonse zinali pafupifupi US $ 81.5 biliyoni, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi chaka ndi 51%;phindu lonse linali pafupifupi US$12.56 biliyoni, kuwirikiza kawiri chaka ndi chaka, ndikupeza phindu kwa zaka zitatu zotsatizana. 
Tesla ipeza phindu lowirikiza pofika 2022
Gwero la data: Tesla Global Financial Report
Ngakhale lipoti lazachuma la gawo loyamba la 2023 silidzalengezedwa mpaka Epulo 20, malinga ndi zomwe zikuchitika pano, izi zitha kukhala lipoti lina lodzaza ndi "zodabwitsa": mgawo loyamba, kupanga kwa Tesla padziko lonse lapansi kudapitilira 440,000..Magalimoto amagetsi, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi chaka kwa 44.3%;magalimoto oposa 422,900 anaperekedwa, mbiri yakale, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi chaka ndi 36%.Pakati pawo, zitsanzo zazikulu ziwiri, Model 3 ndi Model Y, zinapanga magalimoto oposa 421,000 ndipo zinapereka magalimoto oposa 412,000;Mitundu ya Model S ndi Model X idapanga magalimoto opitilira 19,000 ndikutumiza magalimoto opitilira 10,000.M'gawo loyamba, kutsika kwamitengo ya Tesla padziko lonse lapansi kunabweretsa zotsatira zazikulu.
Zogulitsa za Tesla m'gawo loyamba Gwero lazithunzi: Tsamba lovomerezeka la Tesla Zoonadi, miyeso yamtengo wapatali sikuti imangodula mitengo, komanso kukhazikitsidwa kwa zinthu zotsika mtengo.Masiku angapo apitawo, adanenedwa kuti Tesla akukonzekera kukhazikitsa chitsanzo chotsika mtengo, chomwe chili ngati "Model Y yaying'ono", yomwe Tesla akumanga ndondomeko yapachaka yopanga mphamvu zopangira magalimoto okwana 4 miliyoni.Malinga ndi a Cui Dongshu, mlembi wamkulu wa National Passenger Car Market Information Association,ngati Tesla akhazikitsa mitundu yokhala ndi mitengo yotsika komanso magiredi ang'onoang'ono, itenga bwino misika monga Europe ndi Japan yomwe imakonda magalimoto ang'onoang'ono amagetsi.Mtundu uwu ukhoza kubweretsa Tesla padziko lonse lapansi yoperekera zinthu kuposa ya Model 3.
Mu 2022, Musk adanenapo kuti Tesla idzatsegula mafakitale atsopano 10 mpaka 12 posachedwa, ndi cholinga chokwaniritsa malonda a pachaka a magalimoto 20 miliyoni mu 2030. Koma zidzakhala zovuta bwanji kuti Tesla akwaniritse zomwe akufuna kugulitsa pachaka zamagalimoto 20 miliyoni ngati adalira zomwe zidalipo kale:2022, kampani yamagalimoto ogulitsa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi idzakhala Toyota Motor, yomwe ili ndi magalimoto okwana 10.5 miliyoni pachaka, ndikutsatiridwa ndi Volkswagen, yomwe ili ndi magalimoto okwana 10.5 miliyoni pachaka.Pafupifupi mayunitsi 8.3 miliyoni adagulitsidwa.Cholinga cha Tesla chimaposa malonda ophatikizana a Toyota ndi Volkswagen!Msika wapadziko lonse lapansi ndi waukulu kwambiri, ndipo makampani opanga magalimoto amakhala odzaza, koma galimoto yamagetsi yamagetsi pafupifupi 150,000 yuan ikakhazikitsidwa, kuphatikiza makina amagalimoto a Tesla, ikhoza kukhala chinthu chomwe chingasokoneze msika. Mtengo watsika ndipo kuchuluka kwa malonda kwakwera.Pofuna kutsimikizira malire a phindu, kuchepetsa ndalama kwakhala chisankho chosapeŵeka.Koma malinga ndi mawu aposachedwa a Tesla,maginito osowa padziko lapansi osatha, zomwe mungasiye si maginito okhazikika, koma zosowa zapadziko lapansi! Komabe, sayansi yazinthu zamakono sizingathe kuthandizira zokhumba za Tesla.Malipoti ofufuza a mabungwe ambiri, kuphatikiza CICC, awonetsa kuti ndizovuta kuzindikira kuchotsedwa kwa mayiko osowa kuchokera ku maginito okhazikika a maginito mu nthawi yapakati.Zikuwoneka kuti ngati Tesla atsimikiza kutsazikana ndi zosowa zapadziko lapansi, ayenera kupita kwa asayansi m'malo mwa PPT.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-14-2023 