Wowongolera magalimoto amaphatikizapo zigawo ziwiri zazikulu, hardware ndi mapulogalamu.Mapulogalamu ake oyambira ndi mapulogalamu ake nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi opanga, pomwe ogulitsa zida zamagalimoto amatha kupereka zida zowongolera magalimoto ndi madalaivala oyambira.Pakadali pano, kafukufuku wakunja wowongolera magalimoto amagetsi amagetsi amayang'ana kwambiri magalimoto amagetsi amagetsi omwe amayendetsedwa ndi magudumu.magalimoto.Kwa magalimoto oyera amagetsi okhala ndi injini imodzi yokha, nthawi zambiri sakhala ndi chowongolera galimoto, koma wowongolera magalimoto amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyendetsa galimotoyo.Makampani ambiri akuluakulu akunja amatha kupereka mayankho okhwima owongolera magalimoto, monga Continental, Bosch, Delphi, etc.
1. Mapangidwe ndi mfundo za woyendetsa galimoto
Dongosolo loyang'anira magalimoto agalimoto yoyera yamagetsi imagawidwa m'magawo awiri: kuwongolera pakati komanso kugawa.
Lingaliro loyambira la centralized control system ndikuti wowongolera magalimoto amamaliza kusonkhanitsa ma signature okha, amasanthula ndikusintha zomwe zidalipo molingana ndi njira yowongolera, ndiyeno amapereka mwachindunji malamulo owongolera kwa actuator iliyonse kuti ayendetse kuyendetsa bwino kwa galimotoyo. galimoto yamagetsi yangwiro.Ubwino wa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka anthu.kuipa kwake ndikuti derali ndi lovuta ndipo sikophweka kutaya kutentha.
Lingaliro loyambirira la dongosolo lowongolera lomwe limagawidwa ndikuti wowongolera magalimoto amasonkhanitsa ma siginecha ena, ndikulumikizana ndi wowongolera ma mota ndi kasamalidwe ka batri kudzera mu basi ya CAN.Wowongolera ma mota ndi kasamalidwe ka batire motsatana amasonkhanitsa ma siginecha agalimoto kudzera mu basi ya CAN.adapita kwa wowongolera magalimoto.Woyendetsa galimoto amasanthula ndikusintha deta malinga ndi chidziwitso cha galimoto ndikuphatikizana ndi njira yoyendetsera galimoto.Oyang'anira ma mota ndi kasamalidwe ka batire atalandira lamulo lowongolera, amawongolera magwiridwe antchito ndi kutulutsa kwa batri malinga ndi zomwe zikuchitika pagalimoto ndi batire.Ubwino wa machitidwe owongolera omwe amagawidwa ndi modularity ndi zovuta zochepa;kuipa kwake ndi mtengo wokwera.
Chithunzi chojambula cha machitidwe oyendetsera magalimoto ogawidwa chikuwonetsedwa mu chithunzi pansipa.Gawo lapamwamba la kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka galimoto ndi woyendetsa galimoto.Woyang'anira galimoto amalandira zidziwitso za wowongolera magalimoto ndi kasamalidwe ka batri kudzera mu basi ya CAN, ndipo amapereka chidziwitso kwa wowongolera magalimoto ndi batire.Dongosolo loyang'anira ndi makina owonetsera zidziwitso zamagalimoto amatumiza malamulo owongolera.Wowongolera ma mota ndi kasamalidwe ka batire ali ndi udindo woyang'anira ndi kuyang'anira galimoto yoyendetsa ndi batire lamphamvu.pakiti, ndipo makina owonetsera zidziwitso pa bolodi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonetsa zomwe zili mugalimoto.
Chithunzi chojambula chadongosolo logawika lamagalimoto
Chithunzi chomwe chili pansipa chikuwonetsa mfundo yoyendetsera galimoto yamagetsi yamagetsi yopangidwa ndi kampani.Dera la hardware la wowongolera galimoto limaphatikizapo ma modules monga microcontroller, kusintha kwachulukidwe, kusintha kwa analogi, kuyendetsa galimoto, mawonekedwe a basi a CAN, ndi batri yamphamvu..
Chithunzi chojambula cha kapangidwe ka wowongolera magalimoto amagetsi opangidwa ndi kampani
(1) Microcontroller module Module ya microcontroller ndiye maziko a woyendetsa galimoto.Poganizira ntchito ya woyendetsa galimoto yoyera yamagetsi yamagetsi ndi malo akunja a ntchito yake, gawo la microcontroller liyenera kukhala ndi ntchito yothamanga kwambiri, yolemera Makhalidwe a hardware mawonekedwe, mtengo wotsika komanso kudalirika kwakukulu.
(2) Kusintha kwachulukidwe gawo la kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa kusintha komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito posintha masinthidwe ndikusintha kuchuluka kwa kusintha kosinthira, mbali imodzi yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa masensa akusintha kachulukidwe., ndipo mapeto enawo amalumikizidwa ndi microcontroller.
(3) Ma module opangira analogi Ma module a analogue amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusonkhanitsa ma sign a analogi a accelerator pedal ndi brake pedal, ndikuwatumiza kwa microcontroller.
(4) Relay drive module Module yoyendetsa relay imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa kuchuluka kwa ma relay, mbali imodzi yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi microcontroller kudzera pa optoelectronic isolator, ndipo mapeto enawo amalumikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa ma relay.
(5) High-speed CAN bus interface module The high-speed CAN bus interface module amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apereke mawonekedwe a mabasi a CAN othamanga kwambiri, mapeto ake omwe amagwirizanitsidwa ndi microcontroller kudzera pa optoelectronic isolator, ndipo mapeto ena amagwirizana. kupita ku basi ya CAN yothamanga kwambiri.
(6) Module yopangira magetsi Mphamvu yamagetsi imapereka mphamvu yodzipatula kwa microprocessor ndi gawo lililonse lolowera ndi kutulutsa, imayang'anira mphamvu ya batri, ndipo imalumikizidwa ndi microcontroller.
Woyendetsa galimoto amayendetsa, amagwirizanitsa ndi kuyang'anira mbali zonse za chingwe chamagetsi chamagetsi kuti apititse patsogolo mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ya galimoto ndikuwonetsetsa chitetezo ndi kudalirika.Woyang'anira galimoto amatenga chizindikiro choyendetsera woyendetsa, amapeza zidziwitso zoyenera za makina oyendetsa galimoto ndi mphamvu ya batri kudzera mu basi ya CAN, amasanthula ndikuwerengera, ndikupereka malangizo owongolera ndi kasamalidwe ka batri kudzera mu bus ya CAN kuti azindikire kuwongolera kwagalimoto ndi mphamvu kukhathamiritsa kulamulira.ndi kuwongolera mphamvu zowononga mphamvu.Woyang'anira galimoto amakhalanso ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wa chida, omwe amatha kuwonetsa zambiri zamagalimoto;ali wathunthu matenda matenda ndi processing ntchito;ili ndi zipata zamagalimoto ndi ntchito zowongolera maukonde.
2. Ntchito zoyambira za wowongolera galimoto
Woyang'anira galimoto amasonkhanitsa zidziwitso zamagalimoto monga accelerator pedal sign, brake pedal sign ndi siginecha yosinthira zida, ndipo nthawi yomweyo amalandira zomwe zimatumizidwa ndi wowongolera magalimoto ndi dongosolo loyang'anira mabatire pa basi ya CAN, ndikusanthula zambirizo kuphatikiza ndi njira yowongolera magalimoto. ndi kuweruza, kuchotsa zolinga za dalaivala ndi chidziwitso cha galimoto yomwe ikuyendetsa galimoto, ndipo potsirizira pake kutumiza malamulo kudzera mu basi ya CAN kuti ayang'anire ntchito ya chigawo chilichonse kuti atsimikizire kuyendetsa bwino kwa galimotoyo.Woyendetsa galimoto ayenera kukhala ndi ntchito zotsatirazi.
(1) Ntchito yoyang'anira kuyendetsa galimoto yoyendetsa galimoto yamagetsi yamagetsi iyenera kutulutsa phokoso la galimoto kapena braking malinga ndi cholinga cha dalaivala.Dalaivala akamatsitsa chonyamulira cha accelerator kapena brake pedal, galimotoyo imayenera kutulutsa mphamvu inayake yoyendetsa kapena mphamvu yobwezeretsanso braking.Kutsegula kwa pedal kumapangitsanso mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu yagalimoto.Choncho, woyang'anira galimoto ayenera kufotokoza momveka bwino ntchito ya dalaivala;kulandira chidziwitso kuchokera kumagulu ang'onoang'ono a galimoto kuti apereke ndemanga zopanga chisankho kwa dalaivala;ndi kutumiza malamulo owongolera kumagulu ang'onoang'ono agalimoto kuti akwaniritse kuyendetsa bwino kwagalimoto.
(2) Kuwongolera maukonde a galimoto yonse Woyendetsa galimoto ndi mmodzi mwa olamulira ambiri a magalimoto amagetsi ndi node mu basi ya CAN.Mu kasamalidwe ka netiweki yamagalimoto, wowongolera magalimoto ndiye likulu la zowongolera zidziwitso, yemwe ali ndi udindo pakuwongolera zidziwitso ndi kufalitsa, kuyang'anira mawonekedwe a netiweki, kasamalidwe ka node za netiweki, komanso kuzindikira ndi kukonza zolakwika pamaneti.
(3) Kubwezeretsanso mphamvu za braking Mbali yofunika kwambiri yamagalimoto amagetsi oyera omwe ndi osiyana ndi magalimoto oyaka mkati mwa injini zoyaka moto ndikuti amatha kuchira mphamvu zama braking.Izi zimatheka poyendetsa galimoto yamagalimoto amagetsi amagetsi mumtundu wobwezeretsanso.Kuwunika kwa wowongolera magalimoto Cholinga cha braking cha dalaivala, mawonekedwe a batire yamagetsi ndi chidziwitso chamayendedwe agalimoto, kuphatikiza njira yowongolera mphamvu ya braking mphamvu, kutumiza malamulo amagalimoto yamagalimoto ndi malamulo a torque kwa wowongolera ma mota pansi pamikhalidwe ya braking energy kuchira, kotero kuti kuyendetsa galimotoyo imagwira ntchito mu njira yopangira mphamvu, ndipo mphamvu zomwe zimapezedwa ndi braking yamagetsi zimasungidwa mu paketi ya batri yamphamvu popanda kusokoneza kayendetsedwe ka braking, kuti azindikire kuchira kwa mphamvu ya braking.
(4) Kuwongolera mphamvu zamagalimoto ndi kukhathamiritsa M'magalimoto oyera amagetsi, batire yamagetsi sikuti imangopereka mphamvu pagalimoto yamagalimoto, komanso imapereka mphamvu pazowonjezera zamagetsi.Choncho, kuti apeze maulendo apamwamba oyendetsa galimoto, woyendetsa galimotoyo adzakhala ndi udindo wamagetsi a galimoto yonse.Kasamalidwe ka mphamvu kuti apititse patsogolo kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.Mtengo wa SOC wa batri ukakhala wotsika, wowongolera magalimoto amatumiza malamulo kuzinthu zina zamagetsi kuti achepetse mphamvu yamagetsi amagetsi kuti awonjezere kuchuluka kwa magalimoto.
(5) Kuyang'anira ndikuwonetsa mawonekedwe agalimoto Zambiri monga mphamvu, mphamvu zonse, voliyumu yama cell, kutentha kwa batri ndi vuto, ndiyeno tumizani zidziwitso zenizeni zenizeni panjira yowonetsera zidziwitso zamagalimoto kudzera mu basi ya CAN kuti iwonetsedwe.Kuphatikiza apo, wowongolera magalimoto amazindikira nthawi zonse kulumikizana kwa gawo lililonse pa basi ya CAN.Ngati iwona kuti node m'basiyo simatha kuyankhulana bwino, imawonetsa zolakwika pamakina owonetsera zidziwitso zamagalimoto, ndikuchitapo kanthu pazochitika zadzidzidzi.processing kuteteza kuchitika kwa zinthu kwambiri, kotero kuti dalaivala akhoza mwachindunji ndi molondola kupeza panopa ntchito boma zambiri galimoto.
(6) Kuzindikira zolakwika ndi kukonza Kuwunika mosalekeza kachitidwe kamagetsi kagalimoto kuti muzindikire zolakwika.Chizindikiro cholakwa chikuwonetsa gulu la zolakwika ndi ma code ena olakwika.Malinga ndi zomwe zili zolakwika, gwirani ntchito zoteteza chitetezo munthawi yake.Pazolakwa zochepa kwambiri, ndizotheka kuyendetsa pa liwiro lotsika kupita kumalo okonzerako pafupi ndi kukonza.
(7) Kuwongolera kwakunja kwakunja kumazindikira kulumikizidwa kwa kulipiritsa, kuyang'anira njira yolipiritsa, kulengeza za kuyitanitsa, ndikumaliza kulipira.
(8) Kuzindikira pa intaneti ndi kuzindikira kwapaintaneti kwa zida zowunikira ndizomwe zimayambitsa kulumikizidwa ndi kulumikizana kowunikira ndi zida zowunikira zakunja, ndikuzindikira ntchito zowunikira za UDS, kuphatikiza kuwerenga mitsinje ya data, kuwerenga ndikuchotsa zolakwika, ndikuwongolera madoko owongolera. .
Chithunzi chomwe chili pansipa ndi chitsanzo cha chowongolera galimoto yamagetsi yamagetsi.Imazindikira cholinga cha dalaivala posonkhanitsa zizindikiro zowongolera poyendetsa ndi kulipiritsa, imayang'anira ndi kukonza zida zowongolera zamagetsi zagalimoto kudzera mu basi ya CAN, ndikugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitundu yosiyanasiyana.Kuwongolera njira kuti muzindikire kuwongolera kuyendetsa galimoto, kuwongolera kukhathamiritsa kwamphamvu, kuwongolera mphamvu zobwezeretsa mphamvu ndi kasamalidwe ka netiweki.Woyang'anira galimoto amatengera matekinoloje monga microcomputer, mphamvu yamagetsi yanzeru ndi basi ya CAN, ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe a kuyankha kwamphamvu, kulondola kwa zitsanzo, kuthekera kolimba kotsutsana ndi kusokoneza komanso kudalirika kwabwino.
Chitsanzo cha chowongolera galimoto yamagetsi yamagetsi
3. Zofunikira Zopanga Zowongolera Magalimoto
Zomverera zomwe zimatumiza mwachindunji ma siginecha kwa wowongolera magalimoto zimaphatikizapo accelerator pedal sensor, brake pedal sensor ndi gear switch, momwe cholumikizira chowongolera chowongolera ndi ma brake pedal sensor output ma sign analog, ndipo chizindikiro chotuluka cha switch switch ndi chizindikiro chosinthira.Woyang'anira galimoto amawongolera mosadukiza magwiridwe antchito a galimoto yoyendetsa ndi kulipiritsa ndi kutulutsa batire lamphamvu potumiza malamulo kwa wowongolera magalimoto ndi makina oyendetsa mabatire, ndikuzindikira kuchotsedwa kwa gawo la pa board poyang'anira relay yayikulu. .
Malingana ndi mapangidwe a makina oyendetsa galimoto komanso kusanthula zizindikiro zolowera ndi zotuluka za woyendetsa galimoto, woyendetsa galimotoyo ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zotsatirazi.
① Mukamapanga dera lamagetsi, malo oyendetsera galimoto yamagetsi amayenera kuganiziridwa bwino, kuyanjana kwa ma elekitirodi kuyenera kutsatiridwa, komanso kuthekera kotsutsana ndi kusokoneza kuyenera kuwongolera.Woyang'anira magalimoto ayenera kukhala ndi luso lodzitchinjiriza mu mapulogalamu ndi zida za hardware kuti apewe kuchitika kwazovuta.
② Woyang'anira galimoto amayenera kukhala ndi ma I/O okwanira kuti athe kusonkhanitsa mwachangu komanso molondola zidziwitso zosiyanasiyana, komanso njira zosachepera ziwiri zosinthira A/D kuti asonkhanitse ma sign a Accelerator pedal ndi ma brake pedal sign.Njira yolowera ya digito imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusonkhanitsa chizindikiro cha giya yagalimoto, ndipo payenera kukhala njira zingapo zoyendetsera ma siginolo amagetsi oyendetsera galimoto.
③ Woyang'anira galimoto ayenera kukhala ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zoyankhulirana.Mawonekedwe olumikizirana a CAN amagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizana ndi wowongolera magalimoto, kasamalidwe ka batri ndi njira yowonetsera zidziwitso zamagalimoto.Njira yolankhulirana ya RS232 imagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizana ndi makompyuta omwe ali nawo, ndipo mawonekedwe olumikizirana a RS-485 amasungidwa./ 422 mawonekedwe olumikizirana, omwe amatha kukhala ogwirizana ndi zida zomwe sizimathandizira kulumikizana kwa CAN, monga mitundu ina ya zowonera zamagalimoto.
④ Mumsewu wosiyanasiyana, galimotoyo imakumana ndi zododometsa komanso kugwedezeka kosiyanasiyana.Woyang'anira galimoto ayenera kukhala ndi kukana kwabwino kuti atsimikizire kudalirika ndi chitetezo chagalimoto.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-09-2022