1. Kodi mmbuyo electromotive mphamvu kwaiye?
M'malo mwake, m'badwo wa mphamvu yakumbuyo ya electromotive ndi yosavuta kumvetsetsa.Ophunzira omwe ali ndi kukumbukira bwino ayenera kudziwa kuti adakumana nawo atangoyamba kumene kusukulu ya sekondale ndi kusekondale.Komabe, inkatchedwa mphamvu ya electromotive panthawiyo.Mfundo yake ndi yakuti kondakitala amadula mizere ya maginito.Bola pali awiri Wachibale zoyenda ndi wokwanira, mwina maginito sakuyenda ndi kondakitala amadula;zikhoza kukhalanso kuti kondakitala sasuntha ndipo mphamvu ya maginito imayenda.
Kwa okhazikika maginito synchronousgalimoto, zitsulo zake zimayikidwa pa stator (conductor), ndipo maginito osatha amaikidwa pa rotor (magnetic field).Pamene rotor imazungulira, mphamvu ya maginito yopangidwa ndi maginito okhazikika pa rotor idzazungulira ndikukopeka ndi stator.Koyilo pa koyilo imadulidwa ndikumbuyo electromotive mphamvuimapangidwa mu coil.N'chifukwa chiyani amatchedwa back electromotive force?Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, chifukwa njira ya kumbuyo kwa electromotive mphamvu E ndi yotsutsana ndi njira yodutsa magetsi U (monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 1).
2. Kodi pali ubale wotani pakati pa mphamvu yakumbuyo ya electromotive ndi voltage terminal?
Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera pa Chithunzi 1 kuti ubale pakati pa mphamvu ya electromotive yakumbuyo ndi voliyumu yodutsa pansi pa katundu ndi:
Pakuyesa mphamvu yakumbuyo yamagetsi, nthawi zambiri imayesedwa pansi pazikhalidwe zosanyamula katundu, palibe pano, ndipo liwiro lozungulira ndi 1000rpm.Nthawi zambiri, mtengo wa 1000rpm umatanthauzidwa, ndipo kumbuyo kwa electromotive force coefficient = mtengo wapakati wa mphamvu yakumbuyo ya electromotive / liwiro.Kumbuyo kwa electromotive force coefficient ndi gawo lofunikira la mota.Tiyenera kuzindikira apa kuti mphamvu yakumbuyo ya electromotive pansi pa katundu imasintha nthawi zonse liwiro lisanayambe.Kuchokera ku equation (1), titha kudziwa kuti mphamvu yakumbuyo ya electromotive yomwe ili pansi pa katunduyo ndi yocheperapo kuposa ma voltage terminal.Ngati mphamvu yakumbuyo yama electromotive ndi yayikulu kuposa voteji yama terminal, imakhala jenereta ndikutulutsa voteji kunja.Popeza kukana ndi panopa mu ntchito yeniyeni ndi yaing'ono, mtengo wa mphamvu yakumbuyo ya electromotive ndi pafupifupi yofanana ndi magetsi otsiriza ndipo amachepetsedwa ndi mtengo wovotera wa magetsi otsiriza.
3. Tanthauzo lakuthupi la mphamvu yakumbuyo ya electromotive
Tangoganizani zomwe zingachitike ngati mphamvu yakumbuyo ya electromotive kulibe?Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera ku equation (1) kuti popanda mphamvu yakumbuyo yamagetsi, mota yonse imafanana ndi chopinga choyera ndipo imakhala chipangizo chomwe chimatulutsa kutentha kwakukulu.Izindi zosemphana ndi mfundo yakuti galimotoyo amatembenuza mphamvu yamagetsi kukhalamphamvu zamakina.
Mu chiyanjano cha kutembenuka kwa mphamvu yamagetsi
, UIt ndiye mphamvu yamagetsi yolowera, monga kulowetsa mphamvu yamagetsi mu batri, mota kapena thiransifoma;I2Rt ndi mphamvu yotaya kutentha m'dera lililonse, gawo ili la mphamvu ndi mtundu wa mphamvu zowonongeka, zochepa kwambiri;kulowetsa mphamvu yamagetsi ndi kutayika kwa kutentha Kusiyana kwa mphamvu zamagetsi ndi gawo la mphamvu yothandiza yofanana ndi mphamvu yakumbuyo ya electromotive.
, mwa kuyankhula kwina, mphamvu yakumbuyo ya electromotive imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mphamvu zothandiza, zomwe zimagwirizana mosagwirizana ndi kutaya kutentha.Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yotaya kutentha, mphamvu yocheperapo yothandiza yomwe ingapezeke.
Kunena zowona, mphamvu yakumbuyo ya electromotive imadya mphamvu yamagetsi muderali, koma si "kutaya".Gawo la mphamvu yamagetsi yogwirizana ndi mphamvu yakumbuyo ya electromotive idzasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu zothandiza pazida zamagetsi, monga mphamvu yamakina amoto ndi mphamvu ya batri.Chemical Energy etc.
Zitha kuwoneka kuti kukula kwa mphamvu yakumbuyo ya electromotive kumatanthauza kuthekera kwa zida zamagetsi kuti zisinthe mphamvu zonse zolowera kukhala mphamvu yothandiza, ndikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yakutembenuka kwa zida zamagetsi.
4. Kodi kukula kwa mphamvu yakumbuyo ya electromotive kumadalira chiyani?
Choyamba perekani chilinganizo chowerengera cha mphamvu yakumbuyo ya electromotive:
E ndi mphamvu ya electromotive ya koyilo, ψ ndi kulumikizana kwa maginito, f ndi ma frequency, N ndi kuchuluka kwa kutembenuka, ndipo Φ ndi maginito flux.
Malingana ndi ndondomeko yomwe ili pamwambayi, ndikukhulupirira kuti aliyense akhoza kunena zinthu zingapo zomwe zimakhudza kukula kwa mphamvu yakumbuyo ya electromotive.Nachi chidule cha nkhani:
(1) Mphamvu yakumbuyo ya electromotive ndi yofanana ndi kusintha kwa kulumikizana kwa maginito.Kukwera kwa liwiro la kasinthasintha, kumapangitsanso kusintha kwakukulu komanso mphamvu yakumbuyo ya electromotive;
(2) Ulalo wa maginito womwewo ndi wofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa matembenuzidwe ochulukitsidwa ndi ulalo wa maginito wokhota umodzi.Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa kutembenuka kumakhala kokulirapo, ulalo wa maginito umakulirakulira komanso mphamvu yakumbuyo yama electromotive;
(3) Chiwerengero cha kutembenuka chikugwirizana ndi ndondomeko yokhotakhota, kugwirizana kwa nyenyezi-delta, chiwerengero cha kutembenuka pa kagawo, chiwerengero cha magawo, chiwerengero cha mano, chiwerengero cha nthambi zofanana, phula lonse kapena ndondomeko yaifupi;
(4) Kulumikizana kwa maginito kumodzi ndi kofanana ndi mphamvu ya magnetomotive yogawanika ndi kukana kwa maginito.Choncho, mphamvu yaikulu ya magnetomotive, kuchepa kwa maginito kukana njira yolumikizira maginito, ndi mphamvu yakumbuyo ya electromotive;
(5) Mphamvu ya maginitozikugwirizana ndi mgwirizano wa mpweya gap ndi pole slot.Kuchuluka kwa kusiyana kwa mpweya, ndikokulirapo kwa mphamvu ya maginito komanso kucheperachepera kwa mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi.Kulumikizana kwa pole-groove ndizovuta kwambiri ndipo kumafuna kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane;
(6) Mphamvu ya magnetomotive ikugwirizana ndi kusinthika kwa maginito ndi malo ogwira ntchito a maginito.Kuchuluka kwa remanence, kumapangitsanso mphamvu ya electromotive kumbuyo.Malo ogwira ntchito akugwirizana ndi mayendedwe a magnetizing, kukula ndi kuyika kwa maginito, ndipo amafuna kusanthula kwachindunji;
(7) Maginito otsalira amagwirizana ndi kutentha.Kutentha kwapamwamba, kumachepetsa mphamvu ya electromotive kumbuyo.
Mwachidule, zinthu zomwe zimakhudza mphamvu yamagetsi yam'mbuyo zimaphatikizira kuthamanga, kuchuluka kwa matembenuzidwe polowera, kuchuluka kwa magawo, kuchuluka kwa nthambi zofananira, phula lalifupi, maginito amagetsi, kutalika kwa mpweya, kulumikizana kwa pole-slot, maginito otsalira maginito, ndi malo oyika maginito.Ndi kukula kwa maginito, mayendedwe a magnetization, kutentha.
5. Momwe mungasankhire kukula kwa mphamvu yakumbuyo yama electromotive pamapangidwe amoto?
Pakupanga kwamagalimoto, mphamvu yakumbuyo ya electromotive E ndiyofunikira kwambiri.Ndikuganiza kuti ngati mphamvu yakumbuyo yama electromotive idapangidwa bwino (kusankha koyenera komanso kutsika kwamphamvu kwa mafunde), mota idzakhala yabwino.Zotsatira zazikulu za back electromotive force pa motors ndi izi:
1. Kukula kwa mphamvu yam'mbuyo ya electromotive kumatsimikizira malo ofowoketsa a galimoto, ndipo malo ofowoketsa amatsimikizira kugawidwa kwa mapu oyendetsa bwino.
2. Kusokonekera kwa mafunde ammbuyo a electromotive force waveform kumakhudza ma torque amotor komanso kukhazikika kwa torque yomwe imatuluka pamene mota ikuyenda.
3. Kukula kwa mphamvu yam'mbuyo ya electromotive kumatsimikizira mwachindunji mphamvu ya torque ya galimoto, ndipo kumbuyo kwa electromotive force coefficient imagwirizana mwachindunji ndi torque coefficient.Kuchokera apa titha kuwonetsa zotsutsana zotsatirazi zomwe zimakumana nazo pamapangidwe amoto:
a.Pamene mphamvu yakumbuyo ya electromotive ikuwonjezeka, galimotoyo imatha kukhala ndi torque yayikulu pansiza controllerchepetsani zomwe zikuchitika m'malo othamanga kwambiri, koma osatulutsa torque pa liwiro lalikulu, kapena kufikira liwiro lomwe likuyembekezeka;
b.Pamene mphamvu yakumbuyo ya electromotive ndi yaying'ono, galimotoyo imakhalabe ndi mphamvu zotulutsa m'dera lothamanga kwambiri, koma makokedwe sangathe kufika pansi pa wolamulira yemweyo pa liwiro lotsika.
Choncho, mapangidwe a mphamvu yakumbuyo ya electromotive imadalira zosowa zenizeni za galimotoyo.Mwachitsanzo, pakupanga injini yaying'ono, ngati ikufunika kutulutsa torque yokwanira pa liwiro lotsika, ndiye kuti mphamvu yakumbuyo yama electromotive iyenera kupangidwa kuti ikhale yayikulu.
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-04-2024