Pamalo ndi kukonza injini, phokoso la makina omwe akuthamanga nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuweruza chifukwa cha kulephera kwa makina kapena kusakhazikika, komanso kupewa ndikuthana nazo pasadakhale kuti apewe kulephera kwakukulu.Chimene amadalira si mphamvu yachisanu ndi chimodzi, koma phokoso.Ndi zomwe adakumana nazo komanso kumvetsetsa makinawo, mainjiniya omwe ali pamalowo amatha kusanthula molondola momwe makinawo alili.M'makina muli maphokoso ambiri ophatikizana, monga kumeta ubweya wamphepo wopangidwa ndi fani yoziziritsa, kumveka kwamphamvu kwa pampu ya hydraulic, komanso phokoso lamphamvu pa lamba wotumizira, ndi zina zambiri. makina amachokera ku injini kapena ndi gawo la mpweya.
Zimatengera nthawi yayitali yachidziwitso, chizoloŵezi ndi kudzikundikira kumva phokoso losazolowereka lopangidwa ndi gawolo kuchokera ku maphokoso ambiri, komanso ngakhale kuweruza kuti ndi vuto lanji.kusintha.Katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchitoyo akapeza kuti phokoso la makinawo likuyamba kusintha, ayamba kuyang'ana momwe makinawo amagwirira ntchito.Chizoloŵezichi nthawi zambiri chikhoza kupha zolephera zazikulu zomwe zikadali zakhanda ndikuwonetsetsa kuti makinawo amatha kugwira ntchito motetezeka komanso mokhazikika.
Phokoso lakunja lopangidwa ndi mota yachilendo likhoza kugawidwa m'mitundu iwiri,mechanical ndi electromagnetic phokoso.Zomwe zimayambitsa phokoso lamakina zimaphatikizira kuvala, kukangana kapena kugundana kwa magawo othamanga, kupindika kwa shaft ndi kumasula zomangira, ndi zina zambiri.Phokoso lomwe limapangidwa ndi makinawa ndi lochepa, ndipo zina zimapangitsa makinawo kugwedezeka, zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kuti mainjiniya aziwunika ndikuwongolera.
Phokoso la electromagnetic ndi lokwera kwambiri komanso lakuthwa, lomwe silingathe kupirira, koma ngati ma frequency aphokoso ndi apamwamba kwambiri, khutu la munthu silingamve.Iyenera kuzindikiridwa ndi zida ndi zida zoyenera, ndipo ndizosatheka kudalira ogwira ntchito kuti azindikire zolakwika pasadakhale.Phokoso lodziwika bwino la ma elekitiromu limachokera ku kusalinganika kwa gawo la mota, komwe kumatha kuyambitsidwa ndi kusalinganika kwa mafunde a gawo lililonse kapena kusakhazikika kwa magetsi olowera;woyendetsa galimoto ndi chifukwa china chachikulu cha phokoso la electromagnetic, ndipo zigawo zomwe zili mkati mwa dalaivala zimakalamba kapena zimatayika, ndi zina zotero, zimakhala zosavuta kumva phokoso lamagetsi lamagetsi.
Kusanthula kwa ma sigino a mawu agalimoto ndi gawo laukadaulo lokhwima, koma nthawi zambiri limagwiritsidwa ntchito pazochitika zapadera, monga choyendetsa chachikulu cha sitima zapamadzi za nyukiliya ndi pampu yayikulu yamadzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'migodi yakuya, kuyang'anira ngati ma mota akulu amphamvu akugwira ntchito bwino..Ntchito zambiri zamagalimoto zimadalira makutu a injiniya kuti aunikire momwe makinawo amagwirira ntchito;pakangopezeka zovuta, ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito chowunikira chowunikira kuti chithandizire kuzindikira momwe magalimoto alili.
Kulephera kusanthula
Zomwe zimayambitsa kulephera kwa magalimoto zimaphatikizapo mphamvu yakunja yakunja, kugwira ntchito kwamakina komanso kusamalidwa bwino.Ngati zinthu zina zakunja zomwe zimakhudzidwa zili m'magawo osalimba a makina, monga mafani akuzizira kapena zotchingira zoteteza pulasitiki, zinthu zomwe zatsindikitsidwa zidzawonongeka mwachindunji, zomwe ndi gawo losavuta kuyang'ana.Komabe, ngati mphamvu yakunja igunda pamalo osadziwika bwino kapena pamene ntchitoyo yadzaza kwambiri, nkhwangwa, kunyamula kapena kutsekera zotsekera zingakhudzidwe, ndipo pang'ono pang'onopang'ono kusinthika kumachitika, koma izi zikhoza kukhala ngati phokoso lachilendo.Zimatenganso nthawi kuti mufufuze.Zotayika zazing'onozi zitha kukhala zovuta kwambiri.Ngati sizingadziwike koyambirira ndikukonzedwa kapena kusinthidwa, zimatha kuyambitsa ngozi yayikulu pomwe makina kapena mota imachotsedwa mwachindunji.
Pali njira zosavuta zowunikira zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito.Injini ndiye gwero lalikulu lamphamvu la makina.Shaft ndi zinthu zotumizira zimaphatikizidwa ndi zida zamakina.Chifukwa chake, pakuwunika, injiniyo imatha kupatulidwa ndikuyesa mayeso.Zikutanthauza kuti gawo lolakwika silili pagalimoto.Gwirizanitsaninso galimotoyo ndikusintha makonzedwe ndi malo a zinthu zopatsirana, ndi zina zotero, vuto la phokoso losazolowereka lakonzedwa bwino kapena latha, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti shaft center ndi yolakwika kapena njira yolumikizira monga lamba ndi yotayirira.Ngati phokoso likadalipo, mukhoza kuzimitsa galimotoyo kuti muyimitse kutulutsa mphamvu mutatha kuthamanga.Makinawa ayenera kukhala osagwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali.Ngati ifika pamalo osasunthika nthawi yomweyo, zikutanthawuza kuti kukana kwamphamvu pamakina ndikokulirapo.Eccentric vuto.
Kuonjezera apo, ngati mphamvu yamagetsi yazimitsidwa, makinawo amatha kukhalabe ndi khalidwe lachidziwitso choyambirira, koma phokoso lachilendo limatha nthawi yomweyo, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti phokosolo likugwirizana ndi magetsi, omwe angakhale a phokoso lamagetsi.Ngati mumamva fungo lamoto nthawi yomweyo, muyenera kuyang'ana chingwe chamagetsi kapena mpweya wa carbon ndi zina.Kapena yang'anani kuchuluka kwazomwe mukulowetsa komanso kukana kwa gawo lililonse kuti muwone ngati koyilo yamkati yathyoka kapena kuwotchedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kusalinganika kwa torque ndi phokoso lolakwika.
Nthawi zina pangakhale kofunikira kumasula injini kuti muzindikire chomwe chikuchititsa phokoso lachilendo.Mwachitsanzo, yang'anani ngati koyilo yamkati ndi yotayirira kwambiri, zomwe zingapangitse kuti koyiloyo isunthike mwamphamvu pamene injini ikuthamanga kuti ipange phokoso lamagetsi;kusinthika kwa rotor axis kudzachititsa phokoso la rotor ndi stator akusisita wina ndi mzake panthawi yozungulira.Phokoso lopangidwa ndi dalaivala nthawi zambiri limang'ung'uza kwambiri, ndipo ndikosavuta nthawi zina kukhala zabwino kapena zoyipa.Chifukwa chachikulu ndicho kukalamba kwa capacitor, komwe sikungathe kupondereza kusinthasintha kwa magetsi..
Pomaliza
Ma motor-grade-grade motors ali ndi chitetezo chambiri pakupanga ndi kupanga, ndipo samakonda kulephera, komabe amafunikira kusamalidwa ndikukonzedwa kuti atsimikizire kugwiritsidwa ntchito.Kukonza nthawi zonse kwa injini kumaphatikizapo kuyeretsa, kuthira mafuta, kuyang'anira zolumikizira, kuyerekezera katundu, kuyang'anira kutentha kwagalimoto, kuzindikira ntchito yamoto, kuyang'anira kugwedezeka ndi mphamvu yolowera, ndi zina zambiri, kuti musunge ndikuzindikira kugwiritsa ntchito mota. .Makhalidwe anthawi zonse okonza monga kulimbitsanso zomangira ndi zosintha zowonjezera, kuphatikiza zingwe zamagetsi zolowetsa, mafani ozizirira, ma bearing, ma couplings ndi zida zina zosinthira.
Njira yabwino yowonjezerera moyo wa makina ndikuzindikira zolephera ndikumvetsetsa mawonekedwe ake amawu ndikuwunika mosalekeza.Ngakhale ndi chinthu chophweka, malinga ngati mainjiniya kapena ogwira ntchito agwiritsa ntchito zotsitsimula zambiri, izi zitha kukwaniritsa zotsatira za kuzindikira kulakwitsa kwa makina.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-14-2022