Chidziwitso pakupanga magalimoto: Kodi kunyamula chilolezo kumakhala koyenera bwanji?Chifukwa chiyani duwa liyenera kuchotsedwa?

Bearing system kudalirika nthawi zonse ndi nkhani yovuta kwambiri pazinthu zamagalimoto amagetsi.Talankhula zambiri m'nkhani zam'mbuyomu, monga kunyamula zovuta zamawu, zovuta zapano za shaft, kunyamula zovuta za kutentha ndi zina zotero.Cholinga cha nkhaniyi ndi chilolezo cha galimoto, ndiye kuti, pansi pa chilolezo chomwe chimagwira ntchito bwino.

Kuti chiwongolero chizigwira ntchito bwino, kuchotsedwa kwa radial ndikofunikira kwambiri.Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zowongolera ndi kuchita bwino: Chilolezo chogwirira ntchito cha mayendedwe a mpira chikuyenera kukhala ziro, kapena kukhala ndi kutsitsa pang'ono.Komabe, pama bere monga ma cylindrical rollers ndi odzigudubuza ozungulira, chilolezo chotsalira chiyenera kusiyidwa panthawi yogwira ntchito, ngakhale chitakhala chochepa.

Kutengera ndikugwiritsa ntchito, chilolezo chogwira ntchito chabwino kapena cholakwika chimafunikira pakuwongolera.Nthawi zambiri, chilolezo chogwira ntchito chiyenera kukhala chamtengo wapatali, ndiko kuti, pamene kubereka kukuyenda, pali chilolezo chotsalira.Kumbali inayi, pali mapulogalamu ambiri omwe amafunikira chilolezo chosagwira ntchito - mwachitsanzo, preload.

Kuyikapo nthawi zambiri kumasinthidwa pakuyika kutentha kozungulira (ndiko kuti, kumatsirizika panthawi yopangira ndi kupanga ma mota).Ngati kutentha kwa shaft kuli kwakukulu kuposa kwa mpando wonyamula panthawi yogwira ntchito, preload idzawonjezeka.

Mtsinje ukatenthedwa ndikukulitsidwa, kutalika kwa shaft kumawonjezeka komanso kumatalikirana.Pansi pa kukulitsa kwa ma radial, chilolezo cha radial chonyamula chidzachepa, ndiye kuti, kutsitsa kumawonjezeka.Mothandizidwa ndi kukulitsa kwa axial, kulowetsedwa kudzawonjezekanso, koma kulowetsedwa kwa makonzedwe obwerera kumbuyo kudzachepetsedwa.M'makonzedwe a kubwerera kumbuyo, ngati pali mtunda woperekedwa pakati pa ma bere ndi ma bere ndi zigawo zofananira zomwe zili ndi coefficient yofanana ya kukula kwa kutentha, zotsatira za kukula kwa ma radial ndi kufalikira kwa axial pa preload zidzathetsa wina ndi mzake, choncho preload sizichitika Zosiyanasiyana.

Ntchito zofunika kwambiri zonyamula katundu woyambirira ndi monga: kuwongolera kukhazikika, kuchepetsa phokoso, kuwongolera kuwongolera kwa shaft, kubweza zovala panthawi yogwira ntchito, kutalikitsa moyo wogwirira ntchito, ndikuwongolera kukhazikika.Kukhazikika kwa chimbalangondo ndi chiŵerengero cha mphamvu yomwe ikugwira ntchito pazitsulozo mpaka kusinthika kwake.Kusintha kwa elasticity komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha katundu mkati mwamtundu wina wazomwe zimayikidwa kale ndizochepa kuposa zomwe zimanyamula popanda kunyamula.

Zing'onozing'ono zogwirira ntchito zogwirira ntchito, kuwongolera bwino kwa zinthu zogubuduza m'dera lopanda katundu komanso kutsika kwa phokoso la kunyamula panthawi ya ntchito. kuchepetsedwa, kotero kuti kulondola kwa chitsogozo cha shaft kukhoza kuwongolera.Mwachitsanzo, ma giya a pinion ndi ma giya osiyanitsira amatha kulongedzatu kuti azitha kukhazikika komanso kuwongolera kwa shaft, kupangitsa kuti magiya akhale olondola komanso okhazikika, ndikuchepetsa mphamvu zowonjezera.Kotero padzakhala phokoso lochepa panthawi yogwira ntchito, ndipo magiya amatha kukhala ndi moyo wautali wogwira ntchito.Zonyamula zidzawonjezera chilolezo chifukwa cha kuvala panthawi yogwira ntchito, zomwe zingathe kulipidwa ndi kudzaza.M'mapulogalamu ena, kuyika patsogolo kwa makonzedwe onyamula kumatha kupititsa patsogolo kudalirika kwa ntchito ndikutalikitsa moyo wautumiki.Kudzaza koyenera kumatha kupangitsa kuti kugawa kwa katundu kukhale kokulirapo, kotero kumatha kukhala ndi moyo wautali wogwira ntchito.

Pozindikira kuyika kwapang'onopang'ono mu dongosolo lonyamulira, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti pamene katunduyo aposa mtengo wina wokhazikika wokhazikika, kukhwima kumangowonjezeka pang'ono.Chifukwa kukangana ndi kutentha komwe kumabwera kudzawonjezeka, ngati pali katundu wowonjezera ndipo imagwira ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali, moyo wogwira ntchito wonyamula udzachepetsedwa kwambiri.

Kuphatikiza apo, mukamakonza zonyamula kale pamakonzedwe onyamula, ngakhale kuchuluka kwa katundu kumatsimikiziridwa ndi mawerengedwe kapena zochitika, kupatuka kwake kuyenera kuwongoleredwa mumtundu wina.Mwachitsanzo, pakusintha kwa mayendedwe a tapered odzigudubuza, kunyamula kuyenera kuzunguliridwa kangapo kuti zitsimikizire kuti zodzigudubuza sizimapindika, ndipo nkhope zomaliza za odzigudubuza ziyenera kukhudzana bwino ndi nthiti za mphete yamkati.Kupanda kutero, zotsatira zomwe zapezedwa pakuwunika kapena kuyeza sizowona, kotero kuti kutsitsa kwenikweni kungakhale kocheperako kuposa kofunikira.