1. Dongosolo lowongolera pamanja
Uwu ndi gawo lowongolera pamanja lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito masiwichi a mpeni ndi zotchingira dera kuti ziwongolere magwiridwe antchito a magawo atatu asynchronous motorManual control circuit.
Derali liri ndi dongosolo losavuta ndipo ndiloyenera kwa ma motors ang'onoang'ono omwe amayamba nthawi zambiri.Galimoto siyingayendetsedwe yokha, komanso siyingatetezedwe ku zero voteji ndi kutayika kwamagetsi.Ikani ma fuse FU kuti injini ikhale yodzaza komanso chitetezo chachifupi.
2. The jog control circuit
Kuyamba ndi kuyimitsidwa kwa injini kumayendetsedwa ndi batani losinthira, ndipo cholumikizira chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira ntchito yoyimitsa galimoto.
Chilema: Ngati galimoto mu gawo loyendetsa jog iyenera kuthamanga mosalekeza, batani loyambira SB liyenera kugwiridwa ndi dzanja nthawi zonse.
3. Kugwira ntchito mosalekeza (kuwongolera kuyenda kwautali)
Kuyamba ndi kuyimitsidwa kwa injini kumayendetsedwa ndi batani losinthira, ndipo cholumikizira chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira ntchito yoyimitsa galimoto.
4. The jog ndi yaitali zoyenda ulamuliro dera
Makina ena opangira amafunikira injini kuti izitha kuyenda mothamanga komanso motalika.Mwachitsanzo, pamene chida cha makina ambiri chikugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino, galimotoyo imasinthasintha mosalekeza, ndiko kuti, nthawi yayitali, pamene nthawi zambiri imakhala yofunikira kuthamanga panthawi yotumiza ndi kusintha.
1. Kuthamanga ndi kayendetsedwe ka nthawi yayitali komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi kusinthana
2. Kuthamanga ndi maulendo oyendetsa maulendo ataliatali omwe amayendetsedwa ndi mabatani amagulu
Mwachidule, chinsinsi chozindikira kuwongolera kwanthawi yayitali komanso kuthamanga kwa mzere ndikuti kungawonetsetse kuti nthambi yodzitsekera yokha imalumikizidwa pambuyo poti koyilo ya KM ipatsidwa mphamvu.Ngati nthambi yodzitsekera yokha imatha kulumikizidwa, kuyenda kwautali kumatha kukwaniritsidwa, apo ayi kungoyenda kwa jog kumatha kuchitika.
5. Forward and reverse control circuit
Kuwongolera kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kumatchedwanso reversible control, yomwe imatha kuzindikira kusuntha kwa magawo opanga mbali zonse zabwino ndi zoyipa panthawi yopanga.Kuti injini ya asynchronous ya magawo atatu, izindikire kuwongolera ndi kuwongolera, imangofunika kusintha magawo amagetsi ake, ndiye kuti, kusintha magawo awiri a mizere yamagetsi yamagawo atatu mugawo lalikulu.
Pali njira ziwiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira: imodzi ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito kusinthana kophatikizana kuti musinthe ndondomeko ya gawo, ndipo ina ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito kukhudzana kwakukulu kwa contactor kusintha ndondomeko ya gawo.Yoyambayo ndi yoyenera kwambiri pama motors omwe amafunikira kutembenukira kutsogolo ndikubwerera m'mbuyo, pomwe omalizawo amakhala oyenera ma motors omwe amafunikira kuwongolera pafupipafupi komanso kubweza.
1. Positive-stop-reverse control circuit
Vuto lalikulu lamagetsi olowera kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa mabwalo owongolera ndikuti posintha kuchokera ku chiwongolero chimodzi kupita ku china, batani loyimitsa la SB1 liyenera kukanikizidwa koyamba, ndipo kusinthako sikungapangidwe mwachindunji, zomwe mwachiwonekere zimakhala zovuta kwambiri.
2. Forward-reverse-stop control circuit
Dera limeneli limaphatikiza ubwino wa kulowetsedwa kwa magetsi ndi kutsekedwa kwa batani, ndipo ndi dera lathunthu lomwe silingathe kukwaniritsa zofunikira za kuyambika kwachindunji kwa kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo, komanso kumakhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira komanso chodalirika.
Chitetezo cha Line
(1) Kutetezedwa kwafupipafupi Dera lalikulu limadulidwa ndi kusungunula kwa fuseyi pakakhala njira yachidule.
(2) Chitetezo chochulukirachulukira chimakwaniritsidwa ndi relay yamafuta.Chifukwa kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono kwa relay ya matenthedwe ndikokulirapo, ngakhale pompopompo kangapo momwe mphamvu yoyezera imayenda kudzera muzinthu zotenthetsera, kutumizirana matenthedwe sikungachitike nthawi yomweyo.Choncho, pamene nthawi yoyambira ya injini si yaitali kwambiri, relay matenthedwe akhoza kupirira mphamvu ya chiyambi cha galimoto ndipo sadzachitapo kanthu.Pokhapokha injiniyo ikadzaza kwa nthawi yayitali, idzachita, kulumikiza dera lowongolera, koyilo yolumikizira imatha kutaya mphamvu, kudula gawo lalikulu lagalimoto, ndikuzindikira chitetezo cholemetsa.
(3) Kutetezedwa kopanda mphamvu komanso kuperewera kwamagetsi Undervoltage ndi undervoltage chitetezo anazindikira mwa kulankhula kudziletsa zokhoma wa contactor KM.Pantchito yabwinobwino yagalimoto, mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi imatha kapena kuchepa pazifukwa zina.Pamene voteji ndi m'munsi kuposa kumasulidwa voteji wa koyilo contactor, contactor ndi anamasulidwa, kudziletsa zokhoma kukhudzana ndi kusagwirizana, ndi kukhudzana waukulu ndi kuchotsedwa, kudula galimoto mphamvu., mota imayima.Ngati mphamvu yamagetsi ibwerera mwakale, chifukwa cha kumasulidwa kodziletsa, galimotoyo sidzayamba yokha, kupewa ngozi.
• Njira zoyambira kuzungulira dera zomwe zili pamwambazi ndizoyambira zonse.
Pamene mphamvu ya thiransifoma imalola, galimoto ya gologolo-khola asynchronous iyenera kuyambika mwachindunji pamagetsi onse momwe mungathere, zomwe sizingangowonjezera kudalirika kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake, komanso kuchepetsa ntchito yokonza zipangizo zamagetsi.
6. Magawo oyambira oyambira asynchronous motor
• Mphamvu yamagetsi yoyambira ya asynchronous motor imatha kufika nthawi 4-7 kuposa pano.Kuchulukirachulukira komwe kumayambira kumachepetsa moyo wagalimoto, kupangitsa kuti voteji yachiwiri ya thiransifoma kutsika kwambiri, kuchepetsa ma torque oyambira a injini yokha, komanso kupangitsa injiniyo kulephera kuyiyamba, komanso kukhudza magwiridwe antchito a ena. zida muukonde wamagetsi womwewo.Momwe mungadziwire ngati injini ingayambe ndi voteji yonse?
• Nthawi zambiri, omwe ali ndi mphamvu yagalimoto yochepera 10kW akhoza kuyambika mwachindunji.Kaya asynchronous motor pamwamba pa 10kW amaloledwa kuyamba mwachindunji zimadalira chiŵerengero cha mphamvu ya galimoto ndi mphamvu yosinthira mphamvu.
• Pa injini ya mphamvu yomwe mwapatsidwa, nthawi zambiri gwiritsani ntchito mfundo zotsatirazi kuti muyerekeze.
•Iq/Ie≤3/4+mphamvu yosinthira mphamvu (kVA)/[4×motor mphamvu (kVA)]
• Mu ndondomekoyi, Iq-motor full voltage starting current (A);Ie—motor rated current (A).
• Ngati zotsatira zowerengera zikukwaniritsa zomwe zili pamwambazi, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotheka kuyamba pampanipani yonse, apo ayi, sikuloledwa kuyamba pamagetsi athunthu, ndipo kuyambika kwamagetsi kocheperako kuyenera kuganiziridwa.
•Nthawi zina, pofuna kuchepetsa ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu ya torque yoyambira pazida zamakina, injini yomwe imalola kuti mphamvu zonse ziyambenso zimatengera njira yoyambira yochepetsera.
• Pali njira zingapo zoyambira ma motors a asynchronous motors: stator circuit series resistance (kapena reactance) poyambira, auto-transformer potsika, Y-△ poyambira, △-△ sitepe -kuyambira pansi, ndi zina zotero. Njirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa mphamvu yoyambira (nthawi zambiri, mphamvu yoyambira pambuyo pochepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi ndi 2-3 nthawi yamagetsi amoto), kuchepetsa kutsika kwa magetsi a magetsi, ndikuonetsetsa ntchito yachibadwa ya zipangizo zamagetsi za wogwiritsa ntchito aliyense.
1. Series kukana (kapena reactance) sitepe-pansi kuyambira ulamuliro dera
Pakuyambira kwa injini, kukana (kapena kuyankha) nthawi zambiri kumalumikizidwa mndandanda wagawo la magawo atatu a stator kuti achepetse voteji pamapindikira a stator, kuti injiniyo iyambike pamagetsi ochepetsedwa kuti akwaniritse cholinga. wa kuchepetsa mphamvu yoyambira.Pamene liwiro la galimoto liri pafupi ndi mtengo wovotera, dulani kukana kwa mndandanda (kapena kuyankha), kuti galimotoyo ilowe mu ntchito yachibadwa ya voteji yonse.Lingaliro la mapangidwe amtundu woterewu nthawi zambiri limagwiritsa ntchito mfundo ya nthawi kuti muchepetse kukana (kapena kuchitapo kanthu) pamndandanda poyambira kumaliza ntchito yoyambira.
Stator chingwe kukana kutsika-pansi poyambira kuwongolera dera
• Ubwino wa kukana kwa mndandanda kuyambira ndikuti dera lowongolera lili ndi mawonekedwe osavuta, otsika mtengo, zochita zodalirika, zowongolera mphamvu zamagetsi, ndipo zimathandizira kuwonetsetsa kuti gridi yamagetsi imakhala yabwino.Komabe, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa voteji ya kukana kwa zingwe za stator, kuyambika kwapano kumachepa molingana ndi voteji ya stator, ndipo torque yoyambira imatsika molingana ndi nthawi yayikulu ya chiŵerengero cha voteji.Pa nthawi yomweyi, chiyambi chilichonse chimadya mphamvu zambiri.Choncho, atatu gawo gologolo khola asynchronous galimoto utenga njira yoyambira kukana sitepe-pansi, amene ali oyenera ma motors ang'onoang'ono ndi sing'anga mphamvu zimene zimafuna yosalala kuyambira ndi nthawi kumene kuyambira si kawirikawiri.Ma motors amphamvu kwambiri nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito poyambira poyambira.
2. Chingwe autotransformer sitepe-pansi poyambira kulamulira dera
• Mu kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake.Choyambirira cha autotransformer chikugwirizana ndi magetsi, ndipo yachiwiri ya autotransformer imagwirizanitsidwa ndi galimoto.Yachiwiri ya autotransformer nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi matepi atatu, ndipo mitundu itatu ya ma voltages amitundu yosiyanasiyana imatha kupezeka.Ikagwiritsidwa ntchito, imatha kusankhidwa mosinthika malinga ndi zofunikira zoyambira pano komanso torque.injini ikayamba, voteji yomwe imapezedwa ndi mafunde a stator ndi voteji yachiwiri ya autotransformer.Kuyamba kumalizidwa, autotransformer imadulidwa, ndipo galimotoyo imalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi magetsi, ndiye kuti, voteji yoyamba ya autotransformer imapezedwa, ndipo galimotoyo imalowa mu ntchito yonse yamagetsi.Mtundu uwu wa autotransformer nthawi zambiri umatchedwa compensator poyambira.
• Panthawi yoyambira kutsika kwa autotransformer, chiŵerengero chazomwe zimayambira ndi torque yoyambira zimachepetsedwa ndi lalikulu la chiŵerengero cha kusintha.Pansi pakupeza torque yofananira, yomwe imapezeka pagulu lamagetsi ndi autotransformer poyambira poyambira ndi yaying'ono kwambiri kuposa yomwe imayambira poyambira, zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi gridi pano ndizochepa, komanso kutayika kwamagetsi. ndi yaying'ono.Chifukwa chake, autotransformer imatchedwa compensator yoyambira.Mwa kuyankhula kwina, ngati chiyambi cha kukula komweko chimachokera ku gridi yamagetsi, sitepe yoyambira ndi autotransformer idzapanga torque yayikulu yoyambira.Njira yoyambira iyi nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pama motors okhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu komanso ntchito yabwinobwino pakulumikizana kwa nyenyezi.Zoyipa zake ndikuti autotransformer ndi yokwera mtengo, mawonekedwe otsutsana ndi achibale ndi ovuta, voliyumu yake ndi yayikulu, ndipo idapangidwa ndikupangidwa molingana ndi machitidwe osagwira ntchito, kotero kuti kugwira ntchito pafupipafupi sikuloledwa.
3. Y-△ poyambira poyambira poyambira
• Ubwino wa magawo atatu a gologolo-cage asynchronous motor yokhala ndi Y-△ poyambira poyambira ndi: pomwe mafunde a stator alumikizidwa mu nyenyezi, voteji yoyambira ndi 1/3 ya pomwe kulumikizana kwa delta kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji, ndipo kuyambira panopa ndi 1/3 ya izo pamene delta kugwirizana ntchito./ 3, kotero mawonekedwe apano ndi abwino, dera ndi losavuta, ndipo ndalama ndizochepa.Choyipa ndichakuti torque yoyambira imachepetsedwanso mpaka 1/3 ya njira yolumikizira ma delta, ndipo mawonekedwe a torque ndi osauka.Chifukwa chake mzerewu ndi woyenera kunyamula pang'onopang'ono kapena osanyamula katundu.Kuphatikiza apo, ziyenera kuzindikirika kuti kusinthasintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka kasinthasintha kuyenera kutsatiridwa pakulumikiza Y-
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-30-2022