0.Chiyambi
Kusanyamula katundu pakali pano ndi kutayika kwa khola-mtundu wa atatu-gawo asynchronous motor ndi magawo ofunikira omwe amawonetsa magwiridwe antchito komanso magetsi a mota.Ndizizindikiro za data zomwe zitha kuyezedwa mwachindunji pamalo ogwiritsira ntchito injini ikapangidwa ndikukonzedwa.Imawonetsera zigawo zikuluzikulu za galimotoyo mpaka kufika pamlingo wina - Njira yopangira mapangidwe ndi kupanga khalidwe la stator ndi rotor, palibe katundu wamakono amakhudza mwachindunji mphamvu ya galimoto;kutayika kwapang'onopang'ono kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi mphamvu ya injini, ndipo ndiye chinthu choyesera mwanzeru kwambiri pakuwunika koyambirira kwa magwiridwe antchito agalimoto injiniyo isanayambe kugwira ntchito.
1.Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kusanyamula katundu ndi kuwonongeka kwa injini
Mphamvu yamagetsi ya gologolo yamtundu wa atatu-gawo asynchronous motor makamaka imaphatikizapo kusangalatsa kwapano komanso komwe kumagwira ntchito popanda katundu, komwe pafupifupi 90% ndi mphamvu yapano, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga maginito ozungulira komanso amaonedwa ngati yotakataka panopa, amene amakhudza mphamvu factor COSφ cha injini.Kukula kwake kumagwirizana ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yamagalimoto ndi kachulukidwe ka maginito achitsulo;Pakupanga, ngati mphamvu ya maginito imasankhidwa kukhala yokwera kwambiri kapena voteji ndi yokwera kuposa mphamvu yamagetsi pamene galimoto ikuyenda, chitsulo chachitsulo chimakhala chodzaza, chisangalalo chamakono chidzawonjezeka kwambiri, ndipo chopanda kanthu chomwe chilipo. ndipo mphamvu yamagetsi ndi yotsika, kotero kutayika kopanda katundu kumakhala kwakukulu.Otsalira10%imagwira ntchito pakalipano, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwonongeka kwamagetsi osiyanasiyana panthawi yopanda katundu ndipo imakhudza magwiridwe antchito agalimoto.Kwa mota yokhala ndi gawo lopindika lopindika, mphamvu yamagetsi yopanda katundu ndi yayikulu, mphamvu yogwira yomwe imaloledwa kuyenda imachepetsedwa, ndipo mphamvu yagalimoto imachepetsedwa.Kusanyamula katundu wagalimoto yamtundu wamagulu atatu asynchronous motor nthawi zambiri kumakhala30% mpaka 70% ya omwe adavotera pano, ndipo kutayika ndi 3% mpaka 8% ya mphamvu zovoteledwa..Pakati pawo, kutayika kwa mkuwa wamagetsi ang'onoang'ono kumapanga gawo lalikulu, ndipo kutayika kwachitsulo kwa ma motors amphamvu kwambiri kumapanga gawo lalikulu.apamwamba.Kutayika kwapang'onopang'ono kwa injini zazikulu za chimango kumakhala kutayika kwakukulu, komwe kumakhala kutayika kwa hysteresis ndi kutayika kwapano kwa eddy.Kutayika kwa Hysteresis kumayenderana ndi maginito opitikizidwa ndi maginito komanso masikweya a kachulukidwe ka maginito.Kutayika kwapano kwa Eddy ndikofanana ndi square of the magnetic flux density, square of makulidwe a maginito permeable material, square of frequency and the magnetic permeability.Molingana ndi makulidwe a zinthu.Kuphatikiza pa zotayika zazikulu, palinso zotayika zachisangalalo komanso kuwonongeka kwamakina.Pamene galimoto ili ndi kutaya kwakukulu kopanda katundu, chifukwa cha kulephera kwa galimoto chingapezeke kuchokera kuzinthu zotsatirazi.1) Kusonkhana kosayenera, kusinthasintha kozungulira kozungulira, kusabereka bwino, mafuta ochulukirapo m'mabere, ndi zina zotere, kumayambitsa kutayika kwakukulu kwamakina.2) Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika fan yayikulu kapena fan yokhala ndi masamba ambiri kumawonjezera kugunda kwamphepo.3) Ubwino wa chitsulo chachitsulo chachitsulo cha silicon ndi wochepa.4) Kusakwanira kwapakati pazitali kapena kuyika kosayenera kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kutalika kosakwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kutaya kwachitsulo komanso kutaya kwachitsulo.5 ) Chifukwa cha kupanikizika kwakukulu pa nthawi ya lamination, chitsulo chosungunula chachitsulo chachitsulo cha silicon chinaphwanyidwa kapena kutsekemera kwazitsulo koyambirira sikunakwaniritse zofunikira.
Mota imodzi ya YZ250S-4/16-H, yokhala ndi magetsi a 690V/50HZ, mphamvu ya 30KW/14.5KW, ndi mphamvu ya 35.2A/58.1A.Pambuyo pomaliza kupanga ndi kusonkhanitsa koyamba, mayeserowo anachitidwa.4-pole no-load pano inali 11.5A, ndipo kutayika kunali 1.6KW, mwachizolowezi.Pakalipano 16-pole no-load ndi 56.5A ndipo kutayika kopanda katundu ndi 35KW.Zimatsimikiziridwa kuti 16-pole no-load current ndi yayikulu ndipo kutayika kopanda katundu ndikokulirapo.injini iyi ndi nthawi yochepa yogwira ntchito,kuthamanga pa10/5 min.Mphindi 16-pole motor imayenda popanda katundu kwa pafupifupi1miniti.Galimoto imatenthedwa ndikusuta.Galimotoyo idaphwanyidwa ndikupangidwanso, ndikuyesedwanso pambuyo pa mapangidwe achiwiri.The 4-pole palibe katundu panopandi 10.7andipo kutayika kuli1.4KW,zomwe ziri zachilendo;ndi 16-pole palibe katundu panopa ndi46Andi kutayika kopanda katundundi 18.2kw.Zimaganiziridwa kuti palibe katundu wamakono ndi wamkulu ndipo palibe katundu Kutayika kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri.Kuyezetsa katundu kunachitika.Mphamvu yolowera inali33.4KW, mphamvu yotulutsamphamvu 14.5 kW, ndi ntchito panopaanali 52.3A, yomwe inali yochepa poyerekeza ndi mphamvu ya injiniku 58.1a.Ngati kuyesedwa kokha kutengera panopa, palibe katundu panopa anali woyenerera.Komabe, n’zachidziŵikire kuti kutayika kopanda katundu ndikokulirapo.Panthawi yogwira ntchito, ngati kutayika komwe kumapangidwa pamene galimoto ikuthamanga imasandulika kukhala mphamvu ya kutentha, kutentha kwa gawo lililonse la galimoto kudzakwera mofulumira kwambiri.Kuyesa kosanyamula katundu kunachitika ndipo injiniyo inasuta itatha kuthamanga kwa 2mphindi.Pambuyo posintha kamangidwe kachitatu, mayeserowo anabwerezedwa.The 4-pole no-load currentanali 10.5Andipo kutayika kunali1.35KW, zomwe zinali zachilendo;ndi 16-pole palibe katundu panopaanali 30andi kutayika kopanda katundumphamvu 11.3 kW.Zinatsimikiziridwa kuti palibe katundu wamakono anali wochepa kwambiri ndipo kutayika kopanda katundu kunali kwakukulu kwambiri., adayesa mayeso osanyamula katundu, ndipo atatha kuthamangaza3Mphindi, galimotoyo idatenthedwa ndikusuta.Pambuyo pokonzanso, kuyesako kunachitika.The 4-pole silinasinthe,ndi 16-pole palibe katundu panopandi 26a, ndi kutayika kopanda katundundi 2360W.Zimaganiziridwa kuti palibe katundu wamakono ndi wochepa kwambiri, kutayika kopanda katundu ndikwachilendo, ndipondi 16-pole akuthamanga kwa5mphindi popanda katundu, zomwe ziri zachilendo.Zitha kuwoneka kuti kutayika kopanda katundu kumakhudza mwachindunji kutentha kwa injini.
2.Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimakhudza kuwonongeka kwa ma motor core
Pakutayika kwamagetsi otsika, mphamvu zambiri komanso kutayika kwamphamvu kwambiri, kutayika kwapakati pamoto ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimakhudza magwiridwe antchito.Kutayika kwapakati pa injini kumaphatikizira kuwonongeka kwachitsulo komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa maginito pachimake, zotayika zowonjezera (kapena zosokera).m'mimba yopanda kanthu,ndi kutayikira maginito minda ndi harmonics chifukwa cha ntchito panopa stator kapena rotor.Zowonongeka zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha maginito pakatikati pachitsulo.Kutayika kwachitsulo kwachitsulo kumachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwakukulu kwa maginito pakatikati pachitsulo.Kusintha kumeneku kungakhale kwachilengedwe kosinthira maginito, monga zomwe zimachitika mu stator kapena mano ozungulira a mota;Zitha kukhalanso zamtundu wozungulira wa magnetization, monga zomwe zimachitika mu goli lachitsulo la stator kapena rotor.Kaya ndi kusinthasintha kwa maginito kapena maginito ozungulira, kutayika kwa chitsulo ndi eddy kumayamba chifukwa chachitsulo.Kutayika kwakukulu kumadalira makamaka kutayika kwachitsulo.Kutayika kwakukulu ndi kwakukulu, makamaka chifukwa cha kupatuka kwa zinthu kuchokera pamapangidwe kapena zinthu zambiri zosayenera pakupanga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maginito azithamanga kwambiri, kuzungulira kwafupipafupi pakati pa mapepala achitsulo a silicon, ndi kuwonjezeka kobisika kwa makulidwe a chitsulo cha silicon. mapepala..Ubwino wa pepala lachitsulo cha silicon sagwirizana ndi zofunikira.Monga maginito opangira maginito agalimoto, kutsatiridwa kwa pepala lachitsulo la silicon kumakhudza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a mota.Popanga, zimatsimikiziridwa kuti kalasi ya chitsulo cha silicon imakwaniritsa zofunikira pakupanga.Kuphatikiza apo, kalasi yomweyi ya pepala lachitsulo la silicon imachokera kwa opanga osiyanasiyana.Pali kusiyana kwina kwa zinthu zakuthupi.Posankha zipangizo, muyenera kuyesetsa kusankha zipangizo zabwino silicon opanga zitsulo.Kulemera kwachitsulo chachitsulo sikukwanira ndipo zidutswazo sizimangika.Kulemera kwachitsulo sikukwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chitsulo chochulukirapo komanso kutaya kwachitsulo kwambiri.Ngati pepala lachitsulo la silicon litapakidwa utoto wokhuthala kwambiri, maginito ozungulira amakhala odzaza.Panthawi imeneyi, mgwirizano pakati pa kusanyamula katundu ndi magetsi udzakhala wopindika kwambiri.Pakupanga ndi kukonza pachimake chachitsulo, mbali yambewu yokhomerera pamwamba pa chitsulo cha silicon idzawonongeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitsulo chiwonjezeke pansi pa kulowetsedwa kwa maginito komweko.Kwa ma motor frequency mosiyanasiyana, kutayika kwachitsulo chowonjezera chifukwa cha ma harmonics kuyeneranso kuganiziridwa;izi ndi zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa pakupanga mapangidwe.Zinthu zonse zimaganiziridwa.zina.Kuphatikiza pazifukwa zomwe zili pamwambazi, mtengo wamtengo wapatali wa kutayika kwachitsulo chamoto uyenera kukhazikitsidwa pakupanga kwenikweni ndi kukonza chitsulo chachitsulo, ndikuyesera kufananiza mtengo wamalingaliro ndi mtengo weniweni.Ma curve omwe amaperekedwa ndi ogulitsa zinthu wamba amayesedwa molingana ndi njira ya Epstein square circle, ndipo mayendedwe amagetsi a mbali zosiyanasiyana za mota ndi osiyana.Kutayika kwachitsulo kwapadera kumeneku sikungaganizidwe pakali pano.Izi zipangitsa kuti pakhale kusagwirizana pakati pa ziwerengero zowerengeka ndi zoyezera mpaka magawo osiyanasiyana.
3.Zotsatira za kukwera kwa kutentha kwagalimoto pamapangidwe otchinjiriza
Kutentha ndi kuziziritsa kwa mota ndizovuta kwambiri, ndipo kutentha kwake kumasintha pakapita nthawi.Pofuna kupewa kukwera kwa kutentha kwa galimoto kuti zisapitirire zofunikira, kumbali imodzi, kutayika kopangidwa ndi galimoto kumachepetsedwa;kumbali ina, mphamvu ya kutentha kwa injini imawonjezeka.Pamene mphamvu ya injini imodzi ikuwonjezeka tsiku ndi tsiku, kukonza makina oziziritsa komanso kuonjezera mphamvu yochepetsera kutentha kwakhala njira zofunika zowonjezera kutentha kwa galimotoyo.
Pamene injini ikugwira ntchito movomerezeka kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo kutentha kwake kufika kukhazikika, malire ovomerezeka akukwera kwa kutentha kwa gawo lililonse la galimotoyo amatchedwa malire a kutentha.Malire akukwera kwa kutentha kwa injini yafotokozedwa mumiyezo ya dziko.Kutsika kwa kutentha kumatengera kutentha kwakukulu komwe kumaloledwa ndi kamangidwe kake ndi kutentha kwa sing'anga yozizira, koma kumagwirizananso ndi zinthu monga njira yoyezera kutentha, kutentha kwa kutentha ndi kutentha kwa mphepo, ndi kutentha kwa mpweya. kutentha kwamphamvu kumaloledwa kupangidwa.Makina, magetsi, thupi ndi zina zazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mumayendedwe otsekera ma motor winding zidzawonongeka pang'onopang'ono chifukwa cha kutentha.Kutentha kumakwera kufika pamlingo wina, katundu wa zinthu zosungunulira zidzasintha, ndipo ngakhale Kutayika kwa mphamvu zotetezera.Muukadaulo wamagetsi, zida zotsekera kapena makina otchinjiriza m'ma motors ndi zida zamagetsi nthawi zambiri amagawidwa m'magulu angapo osagwira kutentha malinga ndi kutentha kwawo kwakukulu.Pamene chotchinga kapena kachipangizo kamagwira ntchito molingana ndi kutentha kwa nthawi yayitali, sizingabweretse kusintha kosayenera.Zodzitetezera zamtundu wina wosamva kutentha sizingagwiritsire ntchito zida zotchinjiriza za giredi yofanana yosamva kutentha.Gawo losasunthika lazomwe zimapangidwira zimawunikidwa mozama poyesa mayeso oyeserera pamtundu wazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.Mapangidwe a insulating amagwira ntchito pansi pa kutentha kwapadera ndipo amatha kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi.Kutengera kwamalingaliro ndi machitidwe atsimikizira kuti pali ubale wokhazikika pakati pa moyo wautumiki wa kapangidwe kanyumba ndi kutentha, chifukwa chake ndizovuta kwambiri kutentha.Kwa ma motors ena apadera, ngati moyo wawo wautumiki suyenera kukhala wautali kwambiri, kuti muchepetse kukula kwa injini, kutentha kwamafuta ololedwa kumatha kuonjezedwa kutengera zomwe zachitika kapena mayeso.Ngakhale kutentha kwa sing'anga yozizira kumasiyana malinga ndi kuzirala ndi sing'anga yozizira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito, pamakina osiyanasiyana ozizirira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pano, kutentha kwa sing'anga yozizira kumadalira kutentha kwa mumlengalenga, ndipo ndi manambala ofanana ndi kutentha kwa mumlengalenga.Momwemonso.Njira zosiyanasiyana zoyezera kutentha zidzabweretsa kusiyana kosiyana pakati pa kutentha koyezedwa ndi kutentha kwa malo otentha kwambiri mu gawo lomwe likuyezedwa.Kutentha kwa malo otentha kwambiri mu gawo lomwe likuyezedwa ndilo chinsinsi choweruza ngati galimotoyo ikhoza kugwira ntchito motetezeka kwa nthawi yaitali.Nthawi zina zapadera, kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwa ma motor windings nthawi zambiri sikumatsimikiziridwa kwathunthu ndi kutentha kovomerezeka kwa kapangidwe kanyumba komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, koma zinthu zina ziyenera kuganiziridwanso.Kuonjezeranso kutentha kwa ma windings a motor nthawi zambiri kumatanthauza kuwonjezeka kwa kuwonongeka kwa injini komanso kuchepa kwachangu.Kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa mphepo kudzachititsa kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwazinthu zamagulu ena okhudzana.Zina, monga dielectric properties za kusungunula ndi mphamvu zamakina a zipangizo zachitsulo za conductor, zidzakhala ndi zotsatira zoipa;zingayambitse zovuta pakugwira ntchito kwa makina opangira mafuta.Choncho, ngakhale ena galimoto windings panopa kutengera MaphunziroF kapena Class H zopangira zotsekemera, malire awo akukwera akadali motsatira malamulo a Gulu B.Izi sizimangoganizira zina mwazomwe zili pamwambazi, komanso zimawonjezera kudalirika kwa injini panthawi yogwiritsira ntchito.Ndizopindulitsa kwambiri ndipo zimatha kuwonjezera moyo wautumiki wagalimoto.
4.Pomaliza
Kutayika kwaposachedwa komanso kopanda katundu kwa khola la magawo atatu asynchronous motor kumawonetsa kukwera kwa kutentha, mphamvu, mphamvu, kuthekera koyambira ndi ziwonetsero zina zazikulu zamagalimoto mpaka pamlingo wina.Kaya ali oyenerera kapena ayi zimakhudza mwachindunji ntchito ya galimoto.Ogwira ntchito mu labotale yosamalira ayenera kudziwa malamulo oletsa, kuwonetsetsa kuti ma mota oyenerera amachoka kufakitale, kupanga zigamulo pa ma mota osayenerera, ndikuchita zokonza kuti zitsimikizire kuti zisonyezo zamagalimoto zimakwaniritsa zofunikira pamiyezo yazogulitsa.a
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-16-2023